Research On The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Environment And Entrepreneurship Performance In Science And Technology Park Of China Based On The Ecological Theory

With the rapid development of science and technology, Science and Technology Park has been paid more and more attention by the world, regarding as the carrier for hatching and accelerating, cultivating new high technology industry. At present, China is in economic transformation period, and the characteristics in this period are highly uncertainty. Under this environmental background, the enterprises of Science and Technology Park commonly have the problems of lacking resources. The key is how to acquire resources the enterprises need and improve performance. So, we do researches on the component factors of entrepreneurial environment in the Science and Technology Park, at the same time it is also extremely realistic to do research on the relationship and influence between every environmental factor and the entrepreneurial performance to provide theoretical reference for the government decision.Based on the above analysis, this paper did researches on the entrepreneurial environment influence to the entrepreneurial performance, according to the relevant researches and theories of entrepreneurial environment, combined with the current situations of China Science and Technology Park. This paper integrated every entrepreneurial environment dimension and entrepreneurial performance of the Science and Technology Park into the same framework, and established the relationship among these factors. At the same time we researched on the specific dimensions of entrepreneurial environment and the influences of these factors to the entrepreneurial performance with the structure equation model.This paper's main contents include:First, reviewing and summarizing the relevant achievements about Science and Technology Park, entrepreneurial environment, ecological theory, the relationship between entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial performance, we remarked on the current research achievement, summarized the current research progress and shortage, and cleared up the relationship between entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial performance in order to establish the theory base before modeling. Based on the ecological theory, we systematically analyze the ecological characteristics of Science and Technology Park, and establish new system theory research framework about the operating mechanism of Science and Technology Park, considering its systematic and the organic characteristic. Besides we analyze the mechanism of resources supply and formation in order to testify that the ecological theory could be used in the entrepreneurial environment of Science and Technology Park.Second, we focus on the meaning of every research factors and the dimension division, and set a base for the future research. First, from the view of entrepreneurial environmental organization and multiple participate in theory, we defined the entrepreneurial environmental organization into five parts, including Science and Technology Park, government agencies, universities and research institutions, financing institutions and intermediary organizations. Meanwhile, according to the division of entrepreneurial environment by scholars home and abroad, we did researches on the entrepreneurial environment from eight dimensions including Infrastructure environment, business culture environment, park management environment, financing environment, human resources environment, technology environment, service environment and the policy environment.Third, based on the current papers and research objectives, we establish a theoretical model and put forward the research hypotheses by analyzing the relationship between all factors. Regarding512enterprise in sci-tech park of Changsha as samples, we revised up the questionnaire through the small samples and form the large-scale investigation questionnaire. We use exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the reliability and validity of the latent variables. Then we analyze the theory model by structural equation to test the hypothesis and compare, analyze and discuss the results with hypothesis. For the hypothesis passed, we discuss its significance and enlightenments. For the hypothesis failed, we analyze its reasons with the particularity of the entrepreneurial environmental of Science and Technology Park in China and new development of enterprise practice. At last, we discuss the relevant inspiration for the enterprise in Science and Technology Park and government departments through hypothesis results.Forth, according to the above chapters'summary of the relevant researches and theories of the entrepreneurial environment, combined the relevant hypothesizes this paper suggests and the achievements of the empirical studies, according to the significant influence that entrepreneurial environment factors have to the entrepreneurial performance, and taking Changsha high and new technology industry development zone for example, at the same time we introduce the general development conditions of the regions and through the analysis of the practical case, we prove the importance of the entrepreneurial environment.The basic conclusion of this paper is:in the entrepreneurial environment of Science and Technology Park, infrastructure environment, park management environment, culture environment, financing environment, human resources environment, technology environment, policy environment are positively associated with the entrepreneurial performance of the Science and Technology Park. However, service environment is only associated with market performance and without obvious relationship with financial performance and innovation performance.This paper's innovation points mainly include:1. Based on the ecological theory, we analyze the mechanism of resources supply and formation in order to testify that the ecological theory could be used in the entrepreneurial environment of Science and Technology Park.2. Based on the researches on the relevant achievements of the entrepreneurial environment home and abroad, combined with characteristics of the entrepreneurial environment of Science and Technology Park, we offered eight dimensions about the entrepreneurial environment of the Science and Technology Park. This is beyond the traditional researches on the entrepreneurial environment, and gives more specific and clear division to the dimensions of entrepreneurial environment of a specific region.3. We constructed the comprehensive model on the influences that the specific entrepreneurial environmental factors have on the entrepreneurial performance in the Science and Technology Park, and applied the relevant data of Chinese Science and Technology Park to hold an empirical study, and research on the more detailed relationship between the entrepreneurial environment factors and entrepreneurial performance. This research is an enriching and development to the entrepreneurial research and an application of Chinese data of Science and Technology Park to solve the problem is another new try for empirical study.