| Since 1980's, There have been formed many industrial clusters .In 2005 there is 748 ones. These clusters mainly locate in the coastal provinces, such as Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu .These industry clusters mainly distribute in traditional industry ,such as hardware, clothing and so on, some in high-tech industry, for an example IT. These industrial clusters have powerfully promoted coastal area economy growth, also the powerfully promoted China economy growth. They are carriers that our country's economy becomes the industrial workshop of the world. These industrial clusters bring the economical development to our country at the same time, also have some shortcomings. These industrial clusters mainly adopt the extensive economic growth, This way brings the huge pressure, for our country resources, the environment, labor force resources that originally was rich ,now also appears insufficiet. Simultaneously these industrial clusters'innovation is insufficient, mainly depend on the price competition in the sale. And there are suitable counterfeiting and forgery of foreign products. These cause our country and the developed country many trade disputes and cause Sino- US and Sino- European Union unceasing the property right entanglement. These all request these industrial clusters comprehensive upgrading.How to promote the industrial clusters upgrading, at present certainly has not unified definition. Some people borrow the concept which the industry upgrading to define the cluster upgrading , also some people borrow the viewpoint of the global value chain to define the industrial upgrading, I thought these viewpoints, all have the limitation. I define the industrial clusters upgrading are that the industrial cluster to form the self- development the mechanism, this kind of mechanism is the chain and net interaction, namely the clusters establish innovation network and inserts the global value chain ,they are organic synthesis, forms the interaction.There are many industrial clusters in the world. To promote cluster upgrading is first to have to differentiate the different type the industrial clusters. This article divides industrial clusters into the traditional and high-tech industry clusters, and divides the high-tech industry clusters into the foreign capital actuation high tech industry and the domestic capital actuation high tech industry clusters.On industrial cluster's upgrading theory ,international academic community at present has two kind of basic theories, namely the region innovation net and the global value chain theory. These two kinds of theories represent two methods in fact. One theory focuses on inside forces to promote cluster upgrading . Another focuses on outside forces to promote cluster upgrading. These two methods all have shortcoming to some degree. if merely depends upon one of them ,it would cause industrial clusters fall into "the network trap" or "the value chain trap". In order to avoid falling into the trap, we needs the new theory breakthrough. This article in earnest fully absorbs in predecessors theory foundation and proposed the chain and net interaction to promote industry cluster upgrading. Namely under the global value chain background, the clusters should construct and consummate the innovation network, and the realize innovation network and the global value chain interaction. The interaction way usually has three kinds: namely the colony innovation network and the buyer actuation value chain interaction, the innovation network and the producer actuation value chain interaction, as well as on value chain clusters'innovation network and clusters'innovation network interaction. Therefore there are three directions to promote the industry upgrading , namely the foreign capital actuation industrial clusters must positively construct the clusters innovation network, the domestic capital actuation industrial clusters must positively insert the global value chain, as well as two realize interactions.Through Silicon Valley, Hisnchu, Bangaloore ,I discovered that the upgrading mechanism of these high-tech industry clusters is that the chain and net interaction mechanism plays the very role. From the overall ,the cooperation and competition mechanism of the cluster innovation network in the clusters promotion industry clusters smooth upgrading. Positively inserts the global value chain to promote the very strong propelling force to the clusters, finally the clusters evolves the very result is that the colony has realized the chain and net interaction mechanism. Through the experience of which promotes Italian and the Latin American nations industry clusters , I discovered the chain and net interaction the mechanism still played the very role . In Latin American the clusters merely have been inserted the global value chain, this caused the clusters of Latin American upgrading to be blocked.Through the chain and net interaction mechanism of the industrial clusters of the developed and developing country, I discover many beneficial enlightenment.According to the chain and net interaction theory, our country tradition industry clusters: the specialized town In Guangdong and the industrial clusters in Zhejiang upgrading mainly realizes the chain and net interaction, these two aspects all need to consummate.According to chain and net interaction theory ,I discovered these clusters upgrading are mainly to construct the clusters innovation network as the foreign capital actuation high-tech industry clusters: Dongguan and Kunshan .According to domestic capital actuation high-tech industry clusters :Zhongguan Village clusters upgrading to discover the Zhongguan Village industry clusters inserts the global value chain way unceasingly to change, and discovered Zhongguan Village the chain -net interaction aspect must strengthen.Through inspection which promotes to the above three type industrial clusters, I draws the conclusion that the clusters realizes the chain and net interaction different type industrial clusters to have the different content and the request. |
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