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Research On Influence Of Technology Spillovers Of FDI On Technological Innovation Of High-tech Enterprises

Posted on:2010-08-05Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X Y WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1119360272498559Subject:Technical Economics and Management
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
As foreign direct investment (FDI) has increasingly become a common phenomenon in the global economy, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted in-depth study on the role which the foreign direct investment has played on economic growth. In recent years, our country has introduced more foreign direct investment than any other country. Foreign direct investment (FDI), as the main form of physic-chemical technology transfer, has become an important channel for international technology transfer and technology diffusion.Foreign direct investment has spillover effects, but how to absorb the spillover effects and then promote technological innovation is a key question. As the intermediary variable between FDI technology spillovers and innovation capability of high-tech enterprises, the absorptive capacity owned by enterprises, strong or weak, directly decides how much technical spillover is absorbed by our enterprise. Under certain conditions, the stronger the absorptive capacity is, the more technical spillover will be absorbed, and thus the more advantageous technological innovation enterprises can do.In the era of knowledge economy, market competition becomes intensive and need for scarce resources shifts from physical capital to intangible capital. Intellectual capital is most valuable and scarce resources for enterprises and inner driving force for them to gain sustainable competitive advantages. The characteristics of high-tech enterprises decide that they must get access to technology and knowledge from the outside in order to achieve the accumulation and update of intellectual capital. In addition, technological innovation is the pilot and the most direct cause for the high-tech birth, the emergence and growth. It is the core factor of competitiveness of high-tech enterprises and directly determines the survival and development of high-tech enterprises. Therefore, the management and rational use of intellectual capital decide the success or failure of technological innovation. The success of technological innovation can not be separated from the application and contribution of intellectual capital and technological innovation process is an important way to realize the values of intellectual capital. Based on this, this article will integrate some key elements for high-tech enterprises such as FDI technology spillovers, absorptive capacity, intellectual capital, and technological innovation capability into one framework, construct the conceptual model of FDI technology spillovers affecting technological innovation of high-tech enterprises, analyze relations between the elements, explore the micro-mechanism of FDI technology spillovers affecting technological innovation of high-tech enterprises, and by the standardized empirical-analysis theoretical model and assumptions made, and discussing the assumption results, reveal its theoretical value and guiding significance to the practice.Technology spillover of FDI is the way of using various channels which can lead to non-voluntary diffusion, thus to promote technology level in the host country.According to the diffculty degree to which multinational corporations have control on technology spillover behavior, technology spillover of FDI can be divided into explicit technology spillover and implicit technology spillover, and the relationship between such two has been made analysis on.The intellectual capital in high-tech enterprises is the ability that can bring in values for the enterprises, and can help the enterprise realize the strategic targets. In this paper, intelligence capital in high-tech enterprises falls into three kinds including human capital, structure capital and relational capital, and interaction relationships between the three will be discuused.The absorptive capacity of high-tech enterprise is the ability that the enterprises make use of its existing knowledge storage, and after appraisal, obtaining and digestion on the exterior knowledge, make effective integretition and application.This paper will make research on direct as well as indirect influence on innovation achievements of high-tech enterprises from two dimensions including latent absorbency and trealised absorbency. Latent absorbency includes knowledge obtaining ability and digesting ability,while realized absorbency contains knowledge transformation ability and applying ability.Technological innovation ability in high-tech enterprises means the ability that the enterprises employ their existing as well as latent innovation resources to carry on R&D activities on new products in order to meet the market demand. Here,single dimension will be used to weigh on the technological innovation ability in high-tech enterprises.On the basis of definiting and dividing dimmensions on technology spillover of FDI, intelligence capital, absorbency and technological innovation ability in high-tech enterprises, conceptual model of technology spillover of FDI affecting on technological innovation ability in high-tech enterprises has been constructed.The acting relationships between factor dimensions have been analysed, acting mechanism between them has been showed, and the related hypothesis have been proposed. According to the explicit technology spillover and the implicit technology spillover,we have analyzed the relationships between the above two and human capital, structure capital, relational capital, latent absorbency and the realised absorbency,and the related hypothesis have been proposed. According to human capital, structure capital, as well as relational capital, we have analyzed the relationships between the above three and both latent and realised absorbency,as well as the technological innovation ability,then hypothesis have been proposed.At last ,according to the latent absorbency and the realised absorbency, relationships between them and technological innovation ability has been analyzed, and hypothesis have been given.With the mature domestic and foreign measure index, we make measurement on both explicit and implicit technology spilloverof FDI, human capital, structure capital, relational capital, latent absorbency, the realized absorbency as well as technological innovation ability, design the measurement graph, and carry on the data research and collection. Carry on analysis on the data using software SPSS13.0 and LISREL8.70, and then make discussion on the results. The results of empirical test indicate that, of the twenty-one hypothesis, sixteen has passed, while five have not. Regarding to the hypothesis which have passed,we discuss their significance, to the ones having not passed, we make a further analysis on its causes combining with practices of high-tech enterprises and innovation in our country .At last,we carry on a thorough analysis from promoting technology spillover of FDI, cultivating intelligence capital in high-tech enterprises, and improving absorbency in high-tech enterprises.By the empirical study, I adopt the basic conclusion: in the process of FDI technology spillovers affecting technological innovation of high-tech enterprises, there is no significant positive correlation between dominant spill and human capital, structural capital, relational capital, while there is significant positive correlation between the hidden technology spillovers and human capital, structural capital, relational capital. There is significant positive correlation between dominant spill and potential absorptive capacity, absorptive capacity of implementation and there is significant positive correlation between the hidden spill between potential absorptive capacity, absorptive capacity of implementation. There is significant positive correlation between human capital and potential absorptive capacity, absorptive capacity of implementation. There is significant positive correlation between the structural capital and potential absorptive capacity, absorptive capacity of implementation. There is no positive correlation between relational capital and potential absorptive capacity. There is significant positive correlation between human capital, structural capital and relational capital, technological innovation capacity. There is no significant positive correlation between potential absorptive capacity and technological innovation capacity, and there is significant positive correlation between absorptive capacity of implementation and technological innovation capacity.There are several innovation points in this paper:(1) Integrate technology spillover of FDI, intelligence capital in high-tech enterprise, absorbency, and technological innovation ability into a unified frame, establish the structural equation model, analyze and test relationships and acting mechanism between factors. On one hand, it theoretically discusses that as an exterior innovation source, technology spillover of FDI has influence on technological innovation through absorbency and intelligence capital, and on the other hand,we also made empirical test to manifest the affecting degree of technology spillover of FDI on technological innovation in high-tech enterprises.(2) Propose and test the influence technology spillover of FDI has on technological innovation in high-tech enterprise. Although the majority of scholars make researches regarding the relationship between technology spillover of FDI and technological innovation, however, none of them has carried on explicit division to technology spillover of FDI. According to the difficulty degree to which multinational corporations have controls on technology spillover, technology spillover of FDI can be divided into explicit and implicit ones, and their influnce on technological innovation in high-tech enterprises have been discussed separately.(3) Introduce intelligence capital in high-tech enterprisel as an important intermediary variable, discuss the relationships between technology spillover of FDI and technological innovation in high-tech enterprises.Former researches have mainly taken absorbency as the intermediary variable, analysing relationships between technology spillover and technological innovation, having not manifested the knowledge-intensive characteristics of high-tech enterprises. But this paper has taken intelligence capital as intermediary variable, proposed and test the intermediary function that intelligence capital has on technology spillover of FDI and technological innovation(4) On basis of technological innovation frame of high-tech enterprise, we have studied relationships between intelligence capital and absorbency. As two basic factors in high-tech enterprises, there exsits certain relationships between intelligence capital and absorbency.This paper has studied the influence intelligence capital has on absorbency and its acting mechanism from three angles including human capital, structure capital as well as relational capital.
Keywords/Search Tags:FDI, Technology Spillovers, Intellectual Capital, Absorptive Capacity, Technology Innovation Capacity
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