Study Of The Flow Of Migrant Workers Employment Problem

Off-farm workers are an important industry ranks in the economic development of our country, which has made greatly historic contribution to our socialism construction. During the transition from traditional agriculture society to modern society, there must be abundant farmers moving to non-agricultural industries, which leads to the employment issues of off-farm workers. Farmers account for 70% of the total population in our country, thus it means the employment issues of off-farm workers undoubtedly is an uphill task, and it is one of a kind. It is of utmost importance to study the employment and movement issues of off-farm workers.Off-farm workers firstly emerged at the beginning of reform and opening-up in our country. Its number increased by the development of urban economy, reaching to 132 million in 2006, and most of them floated to building industry in the cities and labor-intensive enterprises in coastal areas and became cheap labor power. It can be said that it is off-farm workers that support the high-speed development of Chinese economy. But, ever since a long time ago, their social status has been low, and their rights and benefits have been omitted by our society, and their needs have lacked attentions. If such a huge social group can not enjoy their due status as the master of our country, there must arise a series of social problems. In 2008, the global financial crisis broke out, lots of off-farm workers returned to the countryside, and there appeared the employment problem of a large scale of off-farm workers, which became a hot issue the Party and Government and all social circles paid a lot of attention to. The 17th National Congress of the CPC put forward that"industry rewards agriculture and city supports countryside", under the background of which and balancing urban and rural development, it is realistically meaningful and needs to be taken seriously for promoting the harmonious development of economy and society in our country and handling well the problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers to protect effectively the legitimate rights and interests of off-farm workers, Guarantee their right to employment and guide their orderly flow.The dissertation first utilizes the theory of economic development of Marxism to explore and analyze the problems of employment and movement of off-farm workers and finds out the deep-rooted economic and social causes after the transition of the rural labor and points out that the governments should play an active role in employment and movement of off-farm workers. At the same time, together with western theory of economic development, it, by analyzing the dualistic structure in urban and rural areas, industrialization and the transitional model of industrial structure, reveals the problems and difficulty during the progress of employment and movement of off-farm workers, and puts forward that when the government work out policies, it must take into consideration off-farm workers'moving to the second and third industry and taking them in the agriculture itself.The dissertation focuses on the characteristics and the existing problems of the movement and employment of off-farm workers and its tendency by inspecting its history and the present situation. The author finds out that the main causes for disorder movement of off-farmer workers are the dualistic household register system, imperfect land system, lack of social security and labor market division of city and countryside.After clarifying the causes and problems of the movement and employment of off-farm workers, the dissertation studies the transition of countryside labor power in the main developed countries of the world and sums up their experiences and lessons. It puts forward that under the current situation of our country, we should adopt the scientific development of economic society, learn the experiences and lessons of the developed countries, and at the same time, we must solve the problems of the movement and employment of off-farm workers and promote off-farm workers'orderly movement in according to the concrete condition of our country and through strategy and system.Finally, with the direction of the above ideas, the dissertation further makes it clear that the essential way of solving the movement and employment of off-farm workers firstly should break out the obstacle, complete policy guarantee and assure all the rights that off-farm workers should have as normal workers. Meanwhile, it points out particularly that we should take the phenomenon of off-farm workers being forced back to the land by the shock of financial crisis dialectically. If the government can provide beneficial conditions, work out proper policies for those returning to the land, make good use of their funding and experience they had gotten in the cities, and guide them to establish their own business in the countryside, it can not only help to solve the problem of the employment of off-farm workers, but also promote the development of modern agriculture and the construction of New Countryside and push forward the local economy development and social progress.