Distribution Theory Of Socialism With Chinese Characteristics, And Institutional Research

Anything one does is closely relevant to his economic interests. Income distribution decides whether a person can obtain his profits, so it exits as one of the central topics in political economic researches. For the thirty years, our country's economic constructions have got fantastic successes, either our rural or urban areas have undergone great reforms and changes. Despite the fast increases of our economy, the distribution of income between different interest groups is getting more and more diverse, the gap between the rich and the poor is also getting bigger and bigger, there exist a fact that the Gene Index has been high to 0.4 for more than ten years. In the long term, it would delay our sustainable economic development, and so would it affect our social stability. Now the income distribution problem has become the focus which beholds our further reform, development and social stability. In recent years, there are many scholars in China who have made abundant studies on the income distribution, however these studies are mostly the descriptions of current situations and proposals of short term polices, being far from the theoretical and systematical researches. Concerning of my responsibility as a scholar and appeal of public interests, I bravely choose income distribution theories and institutional arrangements of the Socialism with Chinese Characteristics as the topic of my study, I' d like to face the exiting problems in theories and institutional policies, and try best to make my inspections and solutions.Marxist theory of distribution according to work is one of the components of the theories of scientific socialism and economic theories, however, its sources can be dated back to the early Utopian socialism in the nineteenth century, when the Utopian socialist Saint-Simon arranged individuals' social status and distributed benefits among social members according to each one's labor amount in his assumed Utopian socialist industrial society. Owen suggested using the labor time as the standards of salary. Fourier held the idea that every social member can obtain his or her satisfactory payment by ways of hard working, possessing capitals and personal abilities in his assumed society of harmony. Anyhow, in the history of socialist ideologies, it was John Bray who first spoke out the principle of distribution according to work, he clearly predicted that in the future society the principle of distribution would be like that certain amount of labor gets its equivalence of payment.Any kind of theory should be tested, revised and improved by practices. Under the guidance of socialist planning economy for several decades, China had attempted to carry out distribution according to work, but in reality, the principle was tortured as the "Bourgeois Rights", and was mistranslated into the absolute equal pay for all regardless of any one's performance. Meanwhile, all of the property rights were held by state, with factors of production being deprived of the right to enjoy the distribution, which encouraged all the resources and abilities to take part in the socialist construction. After the cultural revolution, Chinese people remind themselves of the hardships they had suffered. Under the leadership of communist party, Chinese people created its socialism theories with Chinese characteristics including the distribution system. Since Deng xiaoping declared the birth of socialism theories with Chinese characteristics, China has undertaken the reforms and practiced the policies of opening to the outside world for about thirty years. So at present, our study and applying of the socialism distribution theories with Chinese characteristics to solve the current distributional problems is highly necessary and possible.Under the guidance of Marxist material historical view, based on the property theories, institutional economic theories and state theories in my methodologies, I reviewed and recounted Marxist theory of distribution according to work, I summarized the lessons form our past traditional practices in distribution. On this foundation I looked insight at our new practices in income distribution since we experienced reforms and opening up policy. Finally, I put forward my idea of how to set up and improve our characteristics socialism institutional arrangements in income distribution.My main view points are the followings: According to Marxist theories, productive forces decide relationships of production; without advanced productive forces, there will be no standardized socialist institutions. production decides distribution, production relationships especially the ownership of properties decides how to distribute the wealth; the distributions of any consuming goods are the results of the allocation of productive resources. So insisting on the principle of distribution according to work, with the key factors of production being distributed is the result of transportation from solo property ownership to multi property ownership dominated by the public ownership. State government may make negative effects on its economic foundation and distribution system, under some certain circumstances, state government plays the decisive role in wealth distribution, the quality of a state government lays the foundation of its distribution system; State is the biggest supplier of the governmental policies, through the innovations in distribution system, state can safeguard the maximum benefits of labors and adjust the resource allocations among different communities and individuals, thus ensuring the mutual benefits of labors and capitals, hence the harmony of the society. Conversion of the government's functions is vitally important for it will present a new image of the state government that is the government of people. Building up a democratic, law regulated and ready-to-serve people government is the inevitable way to get rid of the difficult position of short-sighted interests groups.The topic of this paper is brand new, rarely mentioned by others. To some degree, we can say that our researches focusing on the socialism distribution system with Chinese characteristics has not ever done by others before. My study would be a helpful inspection in this field.Besides, my paper works out my personal viewpoints of the socialism with Chinese characteristics and made the deep analyses on its theories. I explained the interior meaning of socialism distribution system with Chinese characteristics in my own way, further I put forward my suggestions on how to improve our new type of socialist distribution system.Aside from the above, the methods by which I made my researches are fresh and innovative, for I applied the property theories and state theories to modify income distribution system beyond the confines of the traditional distribution theories, hence the opening up of new horizon and new method for study of distribution system.