Research On CSR Of MNCs

As the theoretical research of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been continuously enriched and multinational corporation (MNC) is playing a more and more important role in the international community, multinational corporate social responsibility (MCSR) has caused serious concern of various circles of society at home and abroad and has gradually become a hot issue in recent years. From the beginning of presented CSR by Oliver Shelton in 1924, the issue of corporate social responsibility has always been controversial. After the 1960s, stakeholder theory becomes more and more perfect, which enhances the development of CSR study. After the 1970s, MNC accelerates the pace of external expansion in the face of the increasingly fast development of the global economy and fierce competition of market, whose operating activities gradually integrated into the world economy, and therefore MNC's status and effect become more and more important. However, the behavior of MNC don't take or weaken CSR in the course of its global operation triggered a series of social problems such as captive market, bribery, tax avoidance, trespassing on legitimate rights and interests of labors or consumers, neglecting of environmental protection and so on, which gave cause for concerns of world country government and all parts of society, and discussion of the many scholars. From the beginning of the 1990s, many scholars at home and abroad start the study of MCSR, and gradually became an active direction of the theory study.After exploring in depth a large number of extant research literatures of MCSR at home and abroad, this thesis found that the study of MCSR is still in infancy. MCSR research primarily involves in the concept of MCSR, research framework, motivation of bearing CSR, ecological environment and host country responsibilities, and management mechanism of global CSR at abroad. In our country, MCSR research mostly involves in the definition of MCSR concept, others are the basic theory of MCSR and related research about SA8000 or code of conduct on MNC, such as MCSR standard definition, implementation and impact. All in all, making on comprehensive survey of current research achievement on MCSR, one side is the less total amount of theoretical research and dispersion of research field, another is lack of the systematic research and recognized conclusion. Therefore, a systematic comprehensive study on MCSR is necessary.On the basis of researching extensively the relevant results of MCSR theory, the thesis put forward to a trinity study system, including connotation, motivation and governance on MCSR. The Paper will try to open up and create the theory depth,width and new ways,which will come into being a particular research system of MCSR. In addition, the paper also made a number of new theoretical concepts and innovative expressions to some original concepts, and applied game theory to the study of CSR in host country. As the logical end result of this study, the paper using the logic conclusions of previous research also investigated in-depth the status quo of MCSR existing problems and the reasons in China, and then proposed measures and suggestions.According to the analysis model of the paper, the research about MCSR from eight chapters will be in full swing as following:The first chapter is introduction. This chapter not only proves the writing basis, the meaning and methods of research, but also straightens out the research thinking, analytical framework and main contents, and it also sums up the theory probe and creation points of the paper.The second chapter is research summary. This chapter reviews systematically the status quo and progress of research on MCSR at home and abroad, and also points out the shortcoming of MCSR study and the direction of future study.The third chapter is theoretical basis. In order to facilitate the discuss of the following context, this chapter detailedly describe the related theory about MCSR such as stakeholder theory, integrative social contracts theory and global corporate citizenship, so that there is a solid support of theory for this paper.The fourth chapter is connotation definition. The new concepts of CSR and MCSR are given in the paper basis on reviewing their extant-related concepts. The concept of CSR emphasizes that the enterprise is corporate citizenship, so as to undertake CSR is their obligation. The enterprise needs to realize the profit maximization under bearing CSR. The concept of MCSR develops on the ground of CSR's definition. MNC is promoted to global corporate citizenship, which focuses on enterprise's sustainable development and global sustainable development to bear the corresponding responsibility for stakeholders. The last section in this chapter defines the content of MCSR from four aspects including economic responsibilities, legal responsibilities, ethical responsibilities and philanthropic responsibilities.The fifth chapter is motivation analysis. This chapter explores motivation to bear CSR for MNC. First of all, the paper annotates motivation to assume CSR for the enterprise from the multidisciplinary perspectives including economics, jurisprudence ethnics and sociology, and later as the theoretical basis for analysis. Then, the paper analyze thoroughly the internal and external factors of the MCSR realization. The internal motivation mainly involves raising economic benefits, establishing enterprise image, keeping staff and customer and strengthening international competition. The external motivation is originated from the pressures of customer, investor, host country, social public, media and restriction of international organizations'rules.The sixth chapter is governance structure. This chapter firstly pointed out that the business activities of multinational corporations are facing the economic globalization. The governance of MCSR goes beyond the paradigm of national center, which need for global governance. The framework of global governance on MCSR establishes in the private sector, civil society, national government and international organization. MCSR necessitates an international social responsibility organization of super authority to carry out the unified management. Of course, MCSR governance under the global framework can be realized smoothly through the coordination of governments all over the world, the supervision of governmental international organization and the media supervision of other subject.The seventh chapter is game analysis of CSR in host countries. This chapter, through the establishment of dynamic games model of incomplete information between MNC and host government, analyzes the cause and condition that MNC performs the host CSR. It was found that MNC undertaking the host CSR depends on the utility of the host country choosing cooperation and MNC keeping promise, the host country choosing noncooperation and MNC not keeping promise. The probability of MNC keeping promise will be raised when the former utility declines or the latter goes up. Further analysis also found that the legal host country has an important demonstration effect to promote the performance of MNCR in host country.The eighth chapter is CSR of MNC in China. This chapter is a combination of transnational corporations in China to fulfill their social responsibility to make an empirical study. The paper firstly analyzed the status quo of CSR of MNC in China, and then pointed out the problems and causes of MCSR in China, and finally gave solutions. These suggestions includes establishing and improving relevant laws and regulations, canceling gradually a variety of preferential policies, advertising positively the philosophy of CSR, promoting rights awareness and public scrutiny of social circles and strengthening the construction of guild and labor union.