Research On Three Dimensional Cadastral Spatial Data Model And Topology Construction Algorithm

At present, the utilization of three dimension has been the important tendency in the urban land usage; while, the conflicts among economic development, population growth and shortage of land resource have stimulate the land utilization to extend to space. The key feature of three-dimension utilization is the diversification of subject of property right in vertical, namely, the spaces on the ground, above the ground and below the ground can be exploited by different layers and owned by different obliges. The above feature has challenged against the theory and method of traditional cadastral management whose system still uses the two-dimension cadastre based on land parcels, projects the real object of three dimension right (such as the building) into the two-dimension plane by projection and registers by the projected two-dimension diagram representing the extent. Therefore, the two-dimension cadastre can not reflect the situation of three-dimension land utilization.So, the theory and method of three-dimension cadastre are urgent to be systematically researched to solve the cadastral management issues in the three-dimension exploitation and utilization of land. The three dimension cadastre introduces three-dimension property right into the concept of cadastre. It can not only register or master the ownership status of two-dimension land parcel, but determine and define the space ownership of three-dimension property rights. During the research of land ownership of three dimension space, the registration of land and house property can be handed under a unified technical frame. Because any real estate will occupy certain of space domain, it can be represented by the determined space. The study of three-dimension cadastre can greatly promote and perfect the relevant management systems and mechanisms of three-dimension land utilization, regulate the registration systems of land and house property, reduce the disputes of real estate registration and lift the efficiency and image of governmental public service to generate the remarkable social influence. The study of three-dimension cadastre is still at the exploration stage at home and abroad and focuses on the presentation of issue and the discussion of legal relations. It is lack of the systematic research of modeling and critical algorithms for the specific three-dimension real estate. This thesis is proposed to take the subject of three-dimension property right as the core and systematically study the technical problem of three-dimension cadastre. The main contents contain the spatial data model and critical algorithms of topological construction of three-dimension cadastres. First, the objects involved in the three-dimension cadastral management are classified and analyzed for the geometrical features; based on the above one, the relevant concepts of point set topology and combinatorial topology are referred to define the formal description method of three-dimension property right based on the manifold topology. And then, the spatial data model of three dimension cadastre considering topology is put forward. Thus, the generation algorithms of topological data based on the model and the division and combination operation of spatial data involved in the cadastral management are researched to figure out the step and method of topological maintenance based on the geometrical algorithms of division and combination of property rights to keep the topological consistency of the subject of property right in all kinds of operations. Finally, the test system of three dimension cadastre is established by referring to the practical demands of Shenzhen Municipal Cadastral Management; the demonstration application has been made; and the feasibility and validation of model and algorithms stated in this paper have also been proved through modeling and managing of the most typical three-dimension cadastre cases in Shenzhen even the whole country.