The Investigation Of Solar Active-region Magnetic Evolution And Related Solar Eruptions

The Sun is the nearest star to our earth, as an ordinary member of thestar family in the cosmos. Because of this, the investigation of the Sun is veryimportant for studying the formation, the evolution, the structure and the outeratmosphere of the stars. More importantly, the third satellite of the Sun–theearth gives birth to human beings. Furthermore, the activities of the Sun andits periodic variety could threaten the living environment of human beings.The investigation of the sunspot activity and solar eruptions is the keystoneissue in solar physics. The relationship between the sunspot formation, its mag-netic feld evolution, and solar eruptions is not well understood. The magneticemergence, the magnetic cancellation, and the sunspot motion can afect the at-mosphere of the active region and even produce fares, coronal mass ejections,flament eruptions, surges and so on. Especially, the large solar eruptions towardthe earth can produce a big infuence on the sun-earth space weather. The ferceactivities, such as fares, coronal mass ejection (CME) and so on, could resultin the perturbation of the magnetic feld of the earth and its ionosphere, theinterruption of the wireless transportation, the destroy of the power supply, thetrouble in the space probes, the safety of the airman, the development of thespace projection. Consequently, the investigation of the origin and the essenceof the various activities is very important not only to science but also to humanbeings.The observation of the Sun is expanded from the single wavelength basedon the ground station to the multi-wavelength composed ground and space sta-tions. From the rocket to Yohkoh, Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, TransitionRegion and Coronal Explorer, Hinode, Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory,Solar Dynamics Observatory satellites, these spacecrafts can observe the Sun bymore wavelengths, more roundly, more detail and cause great achievements.This thesis is dedicated to the study of the evolution of active region andrelated solar eruptions, especially the exploration of the origin of solar activity by using a great deal of data obtained both by space and ground-based telescopes.It is structured as follow:In chapter one, on the base of surveying a number of references, we summa-rize the basic knowledge to sunspots, flaments, fares, and coronal mass ejections.In chapter two, we investigate the relationship between the fares, coronalmass ejections magnetic emergence and magnetic cancellation by using the datafrom TRACE, SOHO, BBSO, GOES.In chapter three, we do research on the successive solar eruptions triggeredby the collision between two small sunspots with opposite polarities and mo-tional directions in active region NOAA10484by using the data of TRACE,SOHO/MDI, SOHO/LASCO, GOES, and RHESSI.In chapter four, we try to fnd the relationship between the sunspot rotation,the formation and the eruption of an active-region flament associated with a C7.3fare and a halo CME in active region NOAA08858on Feb10,2000by usingthe GOES12soft X-ray fux, TRACE WL,1600A and171A images, SOHO/MDI96-min magnetograms, and SOHO/LASCO C2images.Finally, we describe the conclusions from the above studies and the futureof our work.