The Research On Effects Of Recreation On Macrobenthic Community On The Interidal Sandflat

Coastal region is the most developed tourism zone in the word, and beach tourism in has been very mature in most countries. China is rich in tourism resources in beach. With the increase in national income and recreation demand, beach tourism is in a golden period of development. However, the development of beach tourism had a negative environmental impact on intertidal beach. The research and protect of biodiversity has become one of the hot issues concerned by the world. The Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China’s report, putting the construction of ecologic civilization in the prominent position, on ecologic progress, improving the ability of marine resource development, improving marine economy, protecting marine environment and conserving biodiversity. In February2013, Dongshan county was selected as the national first batch of12"National Marine Ecological Civilization Demonstration Zone," in2012, Dongshan received2.319million tourists, compared2011, growth of20.5%; It realized the tourism revenue of1.62billion yuan, compared2011, growth of59.6%. With the continuous development of economic, social, and coastal tourism, beach large benthic animal habitat of Dongshan island was given a larger degree of harm, so that large benthic animal species decreased dramatically; biodiversity suffers damage.This thesis chose Dongshan island in Fujian as the study area, intertidal beach large benthic animals in Dongshan island as the research object, in July2012, December2012, July2013, and December2013conducting the survey to large benthic animals by sample plot survey. In Forward bay, Golden bay and Wu reef bay beach set sampling section, Forward bay, set one sampling section (S1), Golden bay set two sampling sections (S2, S3), set the control area S4in the Wu reef bay. S1, S2, S3respectively represented the heavy, medium and slight these levels of recreation strength interference zone. Using the mathematical statistics (single variable analysis, linear regression analysis, variance analysis) to deal with large benthic animal data, analyzing the influence of different intensity of recreation to the variable values ecology of beach large benthic animals, revealed the change rule recreational activities’s influence to large benthic animals, designed to provide a new perspective for recreation ecology, Enrich and perfect the relevant theories and content, provided guidance and advice for the Dongshan island beach scenic spot’s planning and construction, ecological environment protection and biodiversity conservation.The results show that:(1) Sampling of various regions from the beach large benthic animal species distribution, the highest value was from control area S4, was nine. Distribution is:Donax cuneatus, Umboniumvestiarium, Glycerachirori, Diogenes deflectomanus, Ocypode stimpsoni, Hippa sp, Gomphina aequilatera, Meretrix and Matuta planipes, in S1area; no Glycerachirori, Gomphina aequilatera, Meretrix and Matuta planipes, in S2area; no Gomphina aequilatera, Meretrix and Matuta planipes; in S3area, no Hippa sp and Matuta planipes.(2) In July2012and July2013, sampling species in regions of the beach large benthic animal, number, weight, average habitat inhabits, average biomass and secondary productivity, and species diversity index. Richness indexes were affected differently by leisure activities, the greater recreational activity, the smaller the variable’s value.12months in2012samplings from regions of the beach benthic large animals, species number, number, weight, habitat inhabits, biomass, secondary productivity, species diversity index, richness index change from control area S4is higher than other three recreation interference zones. The ecology variable values from control area S4is much different to area S1and S2; they are relatively close to area S3; recreation disturbance affects population structure change of beach large benthic animal.(3) Recreation number showed negative correlation with species and habitat density, biomass, secondary productivity, species diversity index, richness index and evenness index of low tide macro benthos in S1, S2, S3area sampled in July2012and July2013. With increasing number of recreational, ecology variable values of macro benthos showed a trend of decrease. Travel intensity had extremely significant differences (P<0.01) to species, habitat density and biomass of low tide zone macro benthos in July2012and July2013. Recreational activities impacted the intertidal beach macro benthos greatly. Frequent recreation activities make a larger degree of interference to beach large benthic animals, affecting large benthic animal’s growth, so that the species decreased dramatically.(4) In the90s, there were24kinds of intertidal benthic animals in the Forward bay and Macao bay, found nine during this survey, mollusks increased from three to four; arthropods decreased from12to4; annelid from three to one; in the90s, there were five echinoderms and one other kinds of animals, but did not find the above two kinds of animals this survey.According to the results, this theses proposed ecological compensation and artificial breeding of species; developing biodiversity conservation publicity and education; strengthening the protection of beach ecological environment; specifying management of beach scenic spot; flow control to intertidal beach large benthic animal diversity protection was carried out on the beach scenic spot, all the above had practical guiding significance for sustainable management of Dongshan island beach scenic spot.