Techniques For Single Diamond Turning

The thesis involves some key technologies of Single Diamond Turning: error analysis, error metrology and error compensation.In the first chapter, the present situation of the development on techniques for Single Diamond Turning in the world was introduced, based on the current hot spots and difficulties of this field, the working direction and main contents of the thesis were given.In the second chapter, the turning errors caused by the position of diamond tool were analyzed. For lacking of theoretical instruction, efficiency and accuracy of the traditional tool position correction are not high, even the imported software which helps us to do the correction has some problems. Based on the theoretical analysis, the principle for enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of correction was given. At the end of this chapter, a new tool position correction method was put forward, and verified validly by a practical experiment.In the third chapter, normal diamond turning errors were analyzed and summed up. The errors from the diamond tool’s cutting edge and the error from the machine have the same format; both of them could be compensated according to the measurement result of surface shape after diamond turning. A new compensation method was firstly put forward, the correction of errors from diamond tool’s cutting edge and machine was done according to measurement result from digital interferometer. The experiment results proved the new compensation method was right, coinciding with predictive analysis, high accuracy and fast speed of error convergence. The geometrical error was calculated for the turning of diamond tool with negativerake angle, the effect of the compensation for the error was simulated by computer. If the path of tool was reprogrammed according to the compensation software module made by ourselves, the influence by negative rake angle was greatly reduced. In the fourth chapter, techniques of single diamond turning for complicated aspheric surface were investigated. For the demand of manufacturing aspheric surface with big numerical aperture and high order term, a new metrology instrument based on“small error”theory made by ourselves was explored. By compensation according to the profile measurement result from actual work piece with big numerical aperture and high order term after turning, high accuracy of surface shape was accomplished.In the fifth chapter, techniques of single diamond turning for freeform surface were studied. Normal turning methods of off-axis parabolic surface were introduced. For high slope off-axis parabolic surface turning, a new method based on rotating coordinated system was firstly put forward, which is safer and more efficient than traditional method.In the sixth chapter, based on the experiment, how much the cutting depth, tool radius, rotating speed of spindle, amount of feed effect the surface microscopic pattern were studied, and the possible reasons for these influences were analyzed.In the seventh chapter, the research contents and the innovations of this thesis were summarized, and the insufficient section of research was also mentioned.