Studies On The Selective Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Biomass-derived Oxygenated Chemicals

With the rapid economic development and sharp growth of energy consumption, the world is facing the petroleum shortage and environmental problems. Replacing of fossil resources by renewable resources has become inevitable.Biomass is a kind of abundant, clean, renewable carbon resource. It has been recognized as a reasonable and prospective candidate to substitute fossil fuels on the producing of fuel, chemicals and carbon materials. In the utilization of biomass, a lot of researches have focused on the development of the first generation of biofuels, bioethanol and biodiesel, and a large-scale production has been realized. However, there are still many defects in the production and utilization of the first generation of biofuels. One of the most severe problem is biofuels come from food. Now, researches focus on the conversion of no-corp biomass, such as lignocellulose and non-edible oil, to high quality biofuel and high value-added chemicals. There are many functional groups in the biomass-derived chemicals, such as double carbonbond, aromatic ring, hydroxyl, methoxyl, carboxyl and aldehyde groups. Therefore, hydrotreating would be an efficient method to deal with biomass-derived oxygenated chemicals. A wide range of investigations have been carried out on the hydrotreating processes, however, many problems still exist, such as catalyst deactivation, harsh conditons.To sovle the above problems, we focused on the development of efficient and stable heterogeneous hydrotreating catalytic systems to tailor the molecules and obtain useful chemicals and fuel from biomass-derived oxygenated chemicals. The research objects in this thesis are bio-oil, phenolic compounds, furfural and plant oil.In the first chapter, we introduced the component and structure of biomass, and the current development on utilization of biomass resource. Then, we reviewed the lasted development on the hydrotreating of bio-oil, phenolic compounds, furfural and plant oil.In the second chapter, we reported the hydrotreating of bio-oil component with Ti-modified Ru/SBA-15catalyst. The addition of Ti can improve the activity and stability of Ru/SBA-15. Phenolic compounds can be converted into cyclic alcohols in aqueous phase under mild conditions. The component of bio-oil can also be converted into cyclic alcohols, which can be used as fuel additive. In the third chapter, we reported the conversion of methoxylphenols with metal-base catalyst. It can be prove that basic carrier can inhibit the hydroxyl group removal but promote the demethoxylation reaction. Over88%yield of cyclohexanols can be obtained from methoxy phenols.In the fourth chapter, we reported the conversion of furfural to cyclopentanone. CuZnAl catalyst showed the good activity and stability in the conversion. The structure-function relationship had been studied. This process is promising for industrialization.In the fifth chapter, we reported catalytic conversion of Jatropha oil to alkanes. A high yield of alkanes can be obtained under mild condition with Ru/La(OH)3catalyst. The high efficiency of the Ru/La(OH)3catalyst could be due to the co-effect of high hydrogenation activity of Ru and the basic La(OH)3support which can attract the acidic raw material.In conclusion, this thesis mainly focused on the selective catalytic hydrotreating of biomass-derived chemicals into chemicals and fuels through different catalytic systems. The structure-function relationship has been investigated in depth. The catalytic systems of biomass conversion were extended.