The Construction Of Functional Materials And Chemical Systems Based On Microfluidics

Integration, miniaturization is a major trend in today’s scientific and technological development, it embodies people want to use the least resources to solve complex problems. Microfluidics, a technology for precise control and manipulation of fluids at the microscale chip, relate to physics, chemistry, biology and engineering, and have rapidly developed in the past two decades. In this dissertation, utilizing microfluidic system, we constructed a series of different functional materials and chemical systems, including ploy(ionic liquid)(PIL) microgel, ploy(ionic liquid) microcapsule, photonic metal-organic framework(MOF) compositespheres, and so on. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:In this work, we report the microfluidic preparation of monodisperse imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)microgels with a controlled size and morphology, and show that the imidazolium units in the microgelnetwork can be exploited as reactive sites to efficiently access desired functional materials by a simplecounteranion-exchange or conversion reaction. Moreover, based on the counteranion-exchangereaction, spatio-temporal engineering of the surface of the PIL microgels could also be realized, and anew and simple strategy for the fabrication of diverse anisotropic microgels(patchy particles) with greatflexibility was developed.Based on the above research, we repot a new process for a template-free preparation of porous polymeric microcapsules stemming from properties of hydrophobic ionic liquid. By utilizing the microfluidic system, efficient fabrication of ILs microcapsules with different diameter and shell thicknesses are easily accessible. More importantly, in response to a specific anion the property and structure of the microcapsule is reversibly adjustable by simply exchange of counteranions of the IL units. Ultimately, the immediate application for protein in vitro confined spacetranscription/translationsystem was explored. These systems wereengineered to induce expression in response to the texternal environment, allowing temporal and spatial control of proteinproduction in vitro.Based on the unique features of microfluidic droplets, a series of functionalphotonic crystal spheres was fabricated, including polyionic liquids inverse opal spheres and MOFbased photonic composite spheres. It was found that such photonicspheres could not only be used as stimuli-responsive photonicmicrogels, but also serve as multifunctional microspheres thatmimic the main characteristics of conventional molecules,including intrinsic optical properties, specific molecular recognition,reactivity and derivatization, and anisotropy.Based on the above works, the research results reveal that, the microfluidics is capable for generating a new idea or concept for development of functional materials and chemical systems.