The Study On The Construction Tactics And Measures Of Mountainous Village Exterior Environment In Western China

China is a mountainous country, with mountainous areas taking up about70%ofthe national total area. The underdeveloped western China is characterized by vastterritory and sparse population, and should be developed rapidly. The western Chinaconsists of most mountains, several relatively narrow plain and a few scattered flatareas. At present, quite a few of Chinese peasants live in mountainous villages.Because of the complex terrain of mountainous villages in western China, variety ofclimate and local villagers’ habits and customs, the special exterior environment isformed.Under the promotion of the strategies of Western Development， ruralurbanization and new countryside construction， Rural economy has made fastdevelopment，and rural society, culture and environment had changed dramatically，which brings about a revolution of rural architecture exterior environment in westernChina and make negative influences of urbanization to rural architecture exteriorenvironment become gradually apparent. The manifestations of those negativeinfluences include that rural environment is worsening slowly，rural resources iswasting and is lost seriously，and urban sprawl leads to the contradictory betweenpopulation and land. Therefore, the rural environment should be paid great attentionto and protected, and the themes of protection include culture and ecologicalenvironment.This paper, as one sub-project of the Foundation for Innovative Research Groupsof Chinese National Natural Science Foundation“The Theoretical Research on theControl of Architectural Environment and Energy Consumption in Western China”， strives for putting forward the construction tactics and measures of rural architectureexterior environment in western China based on the fusion of theoretical knowledgethat includes environmental ecology, environmental psychology, environmental ethics,environmental aesthetics, based on the comprehension of terrain, climatecharacteristic, western China rural architecture exterior environment characteristic,construct elements, control elements and based on the domestic and abroad researchresults of study and reference.Firstly, the current situation of rural architecture exterior environment in westernChina is analyzed in this paper. The necessity and importance of subject research ispresented according to the environmental problem and ecological destruction problemcaused in the course of constructing the rural architecture exterior environment.Secondly, some concepts involved in this paper are explained and defined. Thecomponent elements and influence factors of architecture exterior environment areanalyzed, and the characteristics of rural architecture exterior environment areconcluded combining with the climatic characteristics of mountainous region inwestern China, which can provide some help for design practice of mountainousvillages in western China.Thirdly, the physical environment, biosocial environment and psychologicalenvironment are differentiated in this paper, the human demands are analyzed fromthe point of view of environmental psychology, and the influence of the minds andbehavior of people to building architecture exterior environment are discussedparticularly.Fourthly, the construct elements of rural architecture exterior environment,influencing factors and control elements are analyzed and concluded, and theconstruction tactics and measures of mountainous village architecture exteriorenvironment are presented on these basis and construction principles. The basic ideaof the construction tactics and measures is that we should combine the local conditionsuch as terrain, climate, culture and economy, lead villagers to remould theirarchitecture exterior environment in the light of basic requirements, and improve thelocal exterior space environment of rural architecture in the presence of limitedeconomy. Finally, this paper takes the reconstruction of Daping village in Sichuan afterearthquake for example, from early spot investigation, test analysis, overall plan ofDaping village and the design of single building to the building of projects and to itsaccomplishment, and summarized and refined the design of architecture exteriorenvironment of the reconstruction project after earthquake that I have participated in.the design of single building and the overall plan of reconstructed Daping villageget good environmental effects which be highly praised by Daping villagers. Theproject proves that the design of mountainous village architecture exteriorenvironment can be realized by the way of sustainable development.The research and practice in this paper shows that it is very feasible and significativeto study the construction tactics and measures of mountainous village architectureexterior environment in western China. I hope that the research and practice in thispaper can provide a reference for the design of exterior environment in western China.