Vehicle Driver’s Pre-accident Emergency Operation Behavior Patterns Study

Drivers, as the main carrier and uncertain factor in road traffic accident, are the core elements of roadtraffic accidents. The process of driver’s cognition and judgment about dangerous information, and thecharacteristics of driver’s dealing with emergencies based on hedge cognition are abnormal habits of driver.Thus, there is the wide range of practical significances for engineering application to study driver’salertness to hazard and operation efforts of vehicles emergency response level, and realize the simulationof drivers’ operation behavior in emergency before accidents.This paper relies on “Eleventh Five” major project of the National Science and Technology SupportProgram and uses combined research ideas with sample analysis, experimental verification and theoreticalstudy. Based on an adequate assessment of road traffic accidents groups, the evaluation index system,including the driver, the vehicle and the road environment, which causing road traffic accidents, isestablished. With the help of the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method, the state level ofdriver’s processing stages on dangerous information is studied to solve quantitative analysis problem aboutthe factors of driver’s wrong perception of the dangerous information. And a fuzzy control model ofdriver’s behavior patterns of emergency operation on dangerous information is established. Logicalreasoning of driver’s hedging behavior before road traffic accidents and accurate cognition of the factors ofdriver in road traffic accidents could contribute to the study on the key problem of improving the reliabilityand validity of identifying road traffic accidents.Driver’s emergency decision is mainly based on his or her cognition and judgment about dangerousinformation. And driver’s perception of information is the fundamental way to keep vigilant to dangerousinformation. Then the model of driver’s cognitive structure, the logical structure and physical processes ofinformation processing are established for quantitative analysis of driver’s cognition and judgment aboutdangerous information. And the factors influencing driver’s emergency operation behavior are explored,the factor set and the evaluation set of driver’s cognition and judgment about dangerous information aredetermined and the model of fuzzy evaluation of driver’s cognition and judgment on dangerousinformation is established. Starting from the way to obtain the structure and information of drivers,considering driver’s processing on dangerous information and its impact on the behavior of hedgingoperation, the main factors with outstanding contributions to road traffic accidents are syntheticallydecided by using the analytic hierarchy process after deeply analyzing many factors causing road traffic accidents. Cognitive evaluation test is an important means to obtain the review data of driver’s faultperception to risks. The fuzzy evaluation method of fuzzy logic reasoning is introduced, and the conversionof the factors influencing driver’s error-aware of dangerous information and the mode of driver’semergency operating behavior is realized, which lays the basic theoretical foundation for the research ondriver’s emergency decision-making.Driver’s emergency decision-making is the direct factor of the damage results of road trafficaccidents and an important part of accident identification. The model of driver’s decision-making structureis built, and the hedging physical structure of driver’s decision-making about dangerous information is setup. Through the risk assessment of the system of driver-vehicle-road environment, the measurestatistical model of driver’s awareness to risks is established to determine the measure confidence intervalof driver’s awareness to risks. With the deep exploration of the information of road traffic accident case,and with the help of fuzzy control theory and multi-objective decision-making theory, on the basis ofdriver’s perception and understanding of risk information, the fuzzy control model, which can makeintelligent decision, of the pattern of driver’s emergency operation behavior on risk information is built,which is analyzed and tested by the experts appraisal results of site survey samples in road trafficaccidents.The emergency response level of vehicles based on risk understanding degree and hedging strengthof driver is an important content of accident reconstruction and a necessary means of hedging inverselicense to drive before the accident. And the test of driver’s hedging strength and the vehicle emergencyresponse is an effective way to get assessment data of driver hedging efforts and vehicle emergencyresponse level. Aiming at real-time characteristics of vehicle system dynamics solver, this paper studies thecomputational model of vehicle system dynamics used for the emergency response of vehicle braking andsteering, and develops the dynamics solver system of vehicle emergency response system, which cansimulate computation parameters of motion state at any time of vehicle emergency response based on thecharacteristics of driver’s emergency operation. And through the test of driver’s highlight informationhedging operation and vehicle emergency response, the degree of driver’s alert for highlight informationand the characteristics of driver’s emergency operation which are based on hedging cognition are analyzed,and the level of vehicle emergency response related to vehicle characteristics are determined, and theusability of system dynamic model of vehicle emergency response is examined. Traffic conflict is the inevitable stage of formation of traffic accident, and the technique, based on thetheory of traffic conflict, used for identifying traffic accident can realize the deep identification of trafficaccident. Using traffic conflict technique, time history gradual change events from traffic conflict toaccident are analyzed. And Fisher distinguishing method of traffic conflict is studied, which is applied tocase analysis successfully to realize the reproduction of the complete process from traffic conflict toaccident. Through systematical analysis of the relation between traffic conflict and traffic accident and theleading role of driver in the event, the software “The Simulation System of Driver’s Emergency OperationBehavior Pattern before Accident” is developed, which processes the simulation function of driver’semergency operation behavior before accident, and can assist accident accrediting bodies to improveveracity and scientific of identification results of road traffic accident.