| Wuyishan Scenery District is the World Cultural and Natural Heritage and national scenic area which is a typical Danxia landform, based on natural landscape scenery and also a famous historical and cultural mountain. So many activities such as scenic tours, research and science, leisure, etc can be carried out in it. Taking the Wuyishan Scenery District as the study object, basing on the theories of ecology, landscape architecture, aesthetics, environmental science, through the SBE method, system analysis, field investigation and the actual project operation, this thesis analyzed the landscape elements of the Wuyishan Scenery District, studied on landscape aesthetic evaluation, landscape preference difference and landscape evaluation model of the Wuyishan Scenery District, and then put forward the landscape optimization design of the Wuyishan Scenery District. The main results were as follows:(1) combined with the landscape characteristics and resource characteristics of Wuyishan scenic area, the landscape elements classification system of the Wuyishan Scenery District was established by the method of system theory. It was divided into three levels from the macro to micro:Skeleton—— landscape context elements, constitute——landscape space elements,substrate——landscape features elements. The context factor layer included mountains, water veins and context. Space elements layer included the touring routes, function districts and landscape nodes. Characteristic element layer included natural landscape, artificial landscape and cultural landscape.(2) The scenic beauty estimation values of the Wuyishan Scenery District were calculated by SBE method. The results showed that the SBE value of the Wuyishan Scenery District was-14.42. The ranking of three routes was the rafting route>the walking route>the driving route. The ranking of three types was cultural landscape>artificial landscape>natural landscape, but there were different between the three route. The ranking of three types was cultural landscape>artificial landscape>natural landscape in the walking route and driving route, but natural landscape>artificial landscape>cultural landscape in the rafting route. And the ranking of nine elements was memorial building>cliff stone> waterscape> relics> landform> road landscape> architectural sketch landform> service facilities landscape> plant landscape. But it was waterscape> memorial building> landform> relics> architectural sketch landform> road landscape> cliff stone> service facilities landscape> plant landscape in the walking route, architectural sketch landform>landform>waterscape>road landscape > cliff stone>plant landscape> service facilities landscape>memorial building in the rafting route and in the driving route. The rankings of nine elements were different between three routes. But overall, The Aliquots of service facilities landscape and plant landscape were on the low side.(3) The results of the ANOVA on preference difference showed that there was significant perception difference among the three major tour routes. The positive influence of the rafting route landscape on the landscape quality of Wuyishan Scenery District was higher than that of the other two routes, and the influence was not much difference between the walking route landscape and the driving route landscape, but overall the negative influence was higher than the positive influence on the landscape quality of Wuyishan Scenery District. There was significant perception difference among the three major landscape types in the walking route and driving route and no significant perception in the rafting route. There was extremely significant perception difference among different types of landscape elements in the walking route and driving route and no significant perception in the rafting route.(4) This study established the landscape evaluation model of linearity relationship between the scenic beauty estimation values and scenic elements:The landscape estimation model of the walking route was Y步=-77.886+105.968X6-34.328X9+27.496X10+71.959X15-41.589X18, and the landscape factors, such as the beautiful degree and the growth of the plant landscape, the beauty of road linear, the uniqueness of the cultural landscape and the coordination of service facilities, were the important factors which affecting the walking route landscape quality. The landscape estimation model of the rafting route was Y筏=-32.407+1.476X6+14.247X8+40.006X11-31.793X12-21.505X14-44.537X15-69.146X18, and the landscape factors, such as the growth of the plant landscape, the richness of the plant-level, the revetment facility, the uniqueness of the cultural landscape and the coordination of service facilities and building sketch, were the important factors which affecting the rafting route landscape quality. The landscape estimation model of the driving route was Y*= 4.502+2.653X3+49.625X6-48.993Xg+ 127.492X9+36.411Xi6+11.418X18, and the landscape factors, such as the size of the water area by the roadside, the beautiful degree and the growth of the plant landscape, the richness of the plant-level, the awareness of the cultural landscape and the coordination of service facilities, were the important factors which affecting the driving route landscape quality. The overall landscape estimation model was Y总= -8.133-47.699X1+61.759X2-22.569X7+32.047X9+29.043X11+12.243X,3-35.770X18, and the landscape factors, such as the terrain morphology, the uniqueness of the topography, the beautiful degree of the plant landscape, the richness of the plant-color, the beauty of road linear, the beautiful degree of building sketch and the coordination of service facilities, were the important factors which affecting the overall landscape quality.(5) Based on the actual situation and site characterization of the Wuyishan Scenery District, this thesis analyzed the landscape problems in three aspects of skeleton layer, constitute layer and substrate layer. And then it put forward landscape design optimization strategies of the Wuyishan Scenery District in three aspects of protection, regulation and improve. The optimization strategies of the skeleton layer was to protect and restore the mountain and water vein landscape, inherit and display the cultural Landscape. The optimization strategies of the constitute layer was to improve the spatial pattern of landscape, enrich the connotation of landscape tour and optimize of the landscape function district. Through the landscape optimization schemes of the entrance function area of Jiuquxi River Wharf, the thesis expounded this strategies. The optimization strategies of the constitute layer was based on the important influence factors, such as plant landscape, road linear and revetment. Through the landscape optimization design of five nodes, the thesis further expounded this strategies.(6) Finally, the thesis analyzed other key measures of landscape optimization from five aspects of tourist capacity, regulation and control of residents in the area, service facilities, management system and Dawuyi regional tourism system. The annual tourist capacity of Wuyishan Scenery District is 8.64 million. To keep the environment suitable for loading state, it can accommodate 2 million people in 2015 and 4 million people in 2030. In the hot divisions, such as Tianyou division and Jiuquxi River division, it can control the bearing capacity of the tourism environment by the time and space control measures, the thesis expounded to adjust the status of residents by four types of resettlement, and actively guide the ecological and green industry. And than it also put forward to build services system by four aspects of city, village, Point and division, perfect management system by five aspects of management system, management staff qualifications, business model, matching funds and linkage mechanism, and build Dawuyi regional tourism system by "one central and five routes" pattern. |
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