| The increasing of amount and resource shortage of animal feeds resulted in growing half a year every year, especially shortage in spring and winter. Therefore negative energy balance is a very important influencing factors for economic returns in animal feeding. AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK is a kind of enzyme, alert to change of energy balance, plays an important role in special metabolic reguLation of stress animals. Once it was activated, which coμLd promote synthesis process of ATP and close consumption process of ATP, such as synthesis process of carbohydrate, protein and lipid, thereby regμLated energy balance.18three month female Small Tail Han Sheep were randomLy arranged to3groups,6each group. The diet formμLa was according to feeding standard of mutton sheep. A group was normal diet. The B group was equal60%of the A group. The C group was normal diet until72h before they were slaughtered. Feeding period was thirty days. They were weighed and sampled blood per week. Content of GLU, TC, TG, ALP and LDH were measured. After slaughtered, some tissues and organs were collected such as hypothalamus, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, skeletal muscle, adipose, duodenum and so on. Then the article studied distribution and quantitation of AMPKa by immunohistochemistry and Realtime PCR. The article studied intestinal tract tissue morphology and utilization of nutrient.The article studied the change of AMPKα mRNA and key enzyme of glycolipid metabolism in fasting small tail han sheep. The resμLts showed that:1.Immunohistochemistry analysis of the small tail han sheep AMPKa subunit and P-AMPKα(Thr172) distribution showed that AMPKα subunit was present in hypothalamic, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, spleen, kidney, duodenum, and P-AMPKα(Thr172) was present in hypothalamic, duodenum, heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney.2. Expression of AMPKα1were more than control group in hypothalamic, liver, heart, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by Real-Time PCR, but not significant (P>0.05), and were lower than control group in duodenum, kidney, spleen (P>0.05). AMPKα2expression were not significant in hypothalamic, liver, heart, spleen, kidney, duodenum(P>0.05), significant in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue.(P<0.05).When negative energy balance, the activity of AMPK and its downstream key enzyme of glycolipid metabolism were changed, the activity of AMPK in liver, adipose, duodenum, skeletal muscle were higher than control group, but they were not significant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the activity of GPAT and ACC were not significant(P>0.05), the activity of liver CPT was very significant(P<0.01), the activity of adipose CPT was significant(P<0.05), the activity of duodenum and skeletal muscle were not significant(P>0.05).When negative energy balance, No difference was found in Glu between treatment group and control group (P>0.05). The content of TG, TC, ALP, LDH,AST,ALT were very lower than control group (P<0.01)3. When negative energy balance, the length of colon was lower than control group (P<0.05), others no significant difference (P>0.05). The fresh weight of colon was lower than control group (P<0.05),others no significant difference (P>0.05). The fresh weight of rumen was very lower than control group (P<0.01), the green weight of omasum and abomasum was lower than control group (P<0.05), the green weight of reticμLum no significant difference (P>0.05)The villus height of ileum was slightly higher than control group (P>0.05), other intestines was lower than control group (P>0.05). The epithelial and layer thickness of rumen were higher than control group (P>0.05). The epithelial and layer thickness of reticμLum,omasum was slightly lower than control group (P>0.05)The apparent digestibility of CP, CF, DM, ADF, NDF increased with the decline of the energy levels. The apparent digestibility of CP, CF were higher than control group (P>0.05), the apparent digestibility of DM, NDF were very higher than control group (P<0.01). ADF was higher than control group (P<0.05)4.Under fasting stress conditions, the expression of AMPKα1in hypothalamus, liver, heart, duodenum and kidney were lower than control group (P>0.05), and in skeletal muscle, adipose were higher than control group (P>0.05)The activity of liver AMPK was slightly higher than control group (P>0.05). The activity of GPAT and ACC were lower than control group(P>0.05). The activity of CPT was higher than control group (P<0.05). The content of Glu was lower than control group (P>0.05), the content of TC,TG was lower than control group (P<0.05), the content of ALP, LDH was higher than control group (P>0.05), the content of AST was lower than control group (P>0.05), the content of ALT was higher than control group (P>0.05)... |
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