Evaluation Of Grape Heat Tolerance And Transcriptome Of Different Heat Tolerance Of Grape

In the context of global climate change, the extreme climate affairs occur more frequently, heat stress is becoming an increasingly important constraint on grapevine growth and berry quality. There is a need to breed new grape cultivars with heat tolerance and to design effective physiological defenses against heat stress. Study on the heat tolerance of plant is a hotspot research all over the world. But it is very difficult. Now, the methods of evaluation of heat tolerance which is simple, fast, accurate, repeatable grapes are few; heat tolerance materials in the collection, introduction, screening, cultivation were not done enough; grape resistance inheritance is not clear; heat resistance mechanism is still not very clear. In this study, grape (Vitis) was selected as experimental materials. Study on the evaluation of heat tolerance method, evaluation of grape germplasm resources to identification of heat tolerance and heat tolerance mechanism of grapes in order to lay the foundation for resistance breeding of grape.In our rearch through measuring electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate under high temperature stress, we evaluated methods for heat tolerance to develop an effective method to evaluate heat tolerance of grapevine. And we analysis of the effects of high temperature stress on grape leaves PS II electron transport chain; identified of heat tolerance of47grape genotypes; studied of heat tolerance of the parents and their offspring and the injurity of PS II electron transport chain of grape parents and their offspring in high temperature stress. Finally, we analysis of the expression gene of different heat tolerance of grape. The main results are as follows:In this study, an investigation protocol for a critical temperature (47℃) and heat treatment time (40min) was developed in detached grape leaves. Based on the results, we found that the OJIP test was superior to measuring electrolyte leakage or photosynthetic O2evolution for investigating the heat tolerance of three cultivars of grapevine. The OJIP test was a rapid, sensitive and convenient method for investigating heat injury in grapevine.heat tolerance of47grape species and cultivars was evaluated through investigating heat injury using the OJIP test. Moreover, the electron transport chain (donor side, acceptor side and reaction center) of PSII in photosynthesis was further investigated. An analysis of PSII function using this method indicated that the acceptor side was less sensitive to heat than the donor side or the reaction center in grape leaves. Among the47taxa evaluated (cultivars, hybrids, and wild species), photosynthetic heat tolerance varied largely in each genotype group:most wild species and hybrids between V. labrusca and V. vinifera had relatively strong photosynthetic heat tolerance, but most cultivars from V. vinifera were relatively weak.Heat tolerance of grapevine leaves belong to quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes, hybrid offspring showed extensive separation phenomenon, heat tolerance degradation level group genetic showed negative heterosis, hybrid offspring average Fv/Fm value is lower than the average of parents, there are some transgressive segregation, non additive effect dominates. For transcriptome sequencing of different heat tolerance of grape samples using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology, we get a total of27,556Unigenes. By comparing notes with a variety of database. The differential expression analysis of function, metabolism and regulation of gene expression patterns of ways, from the overall grasp the temperature difference stress related genes. The results show that when the grape leaves subjected to high temperature stress, gene function analysis shows that, the differentially expressed genes widely involved in heat stress, signal transduction and transcription factor, lipids of biological molecules such as metabolism, energy metabolism and secondary metabolism. At the same time, found many related with unknown function genes or no functional information gene, these genes may be involved in Vitis thermaltolerance process, and plays an important role. Useful information for further disclosing the molecular mechanism of grapes of high temperature resistance was provided.