Research On The Optimization Design And The Experiment Of The Core Ploughshare Furrow Opener Based On The Discrete Element Method

The furrow opener was an important work parts for the sowing machinery. Its performancehad good or bad directly affect on the formation of groove and the location of the seeds beburied. That would have an important impact for the sprout of the seeds. In the ridge area ofnortheast region, the core ploughshare type furrow opener is widely used, which is with simplestructure, flat ditch, better buried performance, and less demanding on soil preparation beforeplanting. However, the furrow opener, in corn hole sowing and corn sowing in strip bunchduring drilling operations, is ditching too large width with poor soil moisture; and the largepassage of lateral soil is not suitable for high-speed seeding. Optimize and improve the structureparameters of the furrow opener could make it more conform to the agronomic requirements.The seeds were evenly distributed in the groove and fallen on the wet earth. The workingprocess of the opener was the mutual movement between the working parts and the soils. Thisprocess was very complicated. But all should boils down to the flow process of the soil particlesin the end. Therefore, the mutual effect between the soil and the opener was simulated using thediscrete element method that was a way to close to actual situation.In this paper, the mutual movement between the opener and the soils was the researchobject. Through the soil tri-axial, the direct shear apparatus, the soil sieve, oven, the electronicscales, the soil hardness tester and other equipment, we would test the physical and mechanicalparameters properties of topsoil particles. Explored based on the discrete element method fordetermining the model parameter of the soils and the top layer of the soil particles discreteelement model. The soil particles discrete element model was corrected by comparing thetraditional the core furrow opener discrete element simulation and the soil trough experiment.The structural parameters were the optimized for the core furrow opener based on the discreteelement simulation model of the soil particles. The optimal parameter combination would beobtained for core furrow opener. A series of the core furrow opener were designed using theuniform design method. The structural parameters optimized for the new core furrow openerthrough the soil trough and the field experiment. The structure parameters of core furrow openerwere got that could fit for the soils of the Jilin province central region. That should provide thebasis for the optimal design of the core furrow opener. This paper studies the following:1. The feasibility was discussed to study of soil tillage parts using the discrete elementmethod. The discrete element method for determining the model parameter of soil particles and the contact model of soil particles were studied. The physical and mechanical propertiesparameters of the surface soil particles were measured by the equipment such as the soil texture,soil bulk density, moisture content, porosity, shape and diameter of soil particles, frictioncoefficient, stiffness coefficient, shear modulus, poisson’s ratio, and so on. The discrete elementmodel of the soil particles was established and the opener of the discrete element simulationanalysis could provide evidence for the selection of parameters.2. The test scheme of the simulation analysis was determined for the core furrow openertype. The traditional opener was simulated analysis by the discrete element method and obtainedthe mutual movement between the work resistance of the opener and the soils.3. The small glass soil bin was made. Combined with the high speed camera technology,we could proceed in the bench experimental study for the working process of the core furrowopener. The working resistance for the opener and the mutual movement between the opener andthe soil particles were measured and recorded. Through the comparison of the experimental andsimulation data, the discrete element simulation model of soil particles was corrected.4. Through to the traditional core furrow opener analysis of the structure parameters, theoptimized scheme was determined and established the model for a series of new type corefurrow opener. The opener was simulation analysis using the revised soil discrete elementsimulation model. The optimal parameter combination would be obtained for core furrowopener.5. To opener of the simulation results, the optimal structure parameters combination as thebasis, in accordance with the uniform design experiment scheme selection of parameters, designa set of new opener. Through the analysis of the results of soil bin and field experiment, wewould verify the accuracy of the simulation analysis and provide a new digital design methodfor the design of the opener.