Research Of The Correlation Between Seeds Of Different Varieties (Strains) And The Quality Of The Medicinal Materials Of Angelica Sinensis

Angelica originates from umbelliferae angelica plants Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels.and the medicinal part is root. Angelica has the function of enriching the blood and invigorating the circulation, regulating the menstrual function analgesic, and runchang purge efficacy. Seven new varieties (strains)of Angelica sinensis ("Mingui No.1-5" has been through the examination and approval) as the research object. According to the following the problems:Seeds are of variable quality, and lack of quality control standards; there is a lack of correlation studies between seeds and the quality of medicinal materials;there is a lack of security, pharmacodynamic evaluation to different varietiesof seeds;The work of excellent breed screening is disconnected with practical production.and failed to be applied effectively. Applying of pharmacognosy, Chinese Medicine Chemistryarmacology, agriculture multidisciplinary methods, integrating ISSR, HPLC, GC-MS and ICP-MS technology, with the help of grey correlation degree, entropy and TOPSIS model mathematical analysis method, system evaluation on the correlation between the seeds of Different varieties (strains) Of Angelica sinensis and the quality of medicinal materials is performed for the first time, as well as the comparison with the North Korea Angelica gigas and commercially available angelica from different regions,revealing and discussing the scientific connotation of "medicinal materials shape features-quality-efficacy". So the research has theoretical significance and application value.The main research results are as follows:1. Research on the genetic diversity of Angelica sinensis seed of different varieties,the introduced Angelica gigas Nikai.and commercially available angelica from different regions.Using ISSR molecular markers, establish and optimize the angelica seeds ISSR PCR reaction system.17 primers are screened out, which can accurately identify the seeds of different varieties (strains) Of Angelica sinensis. Analysis results show that "mingui No.3" and "mingui No.4 " cultivated through biological breeding by heavy-ion beam, have abundant genetic information, and can be used as a material of first choice for molecular marker assisted breeding research.2.The research of classified quality standards for seeds of different varieties Of Angelica sinensisConsidering the quality standard of other crop seed, take clarity, thousand seed weight, germination rate, seed vigor, germination rate as an index, established classified quality standard for seed of different varieties Of Angelica sinensis. This study provides reference for the quality control of angelica seed and standardized production.3. Micromorphlogy identification for angelica seeds of different cultivated varietiesThrough scanning electronic microscope analysis, it has been concluded that different cultivated varieties seeds can not be identified by the seed shape, color, etc. Only through the uplift and decorative features (level 1 texture, and level 2 texture) on seed surface, can they be accurately identified, and the number of seed oil chamber and size are positively correlated with seed oil content.For the miscellaneous situation of commercially available angelica seeds, authentic Chinese angelica can be differentiated with adulterated Angelica gigas Nikai, and Angelica acutiloba Kitag. through the seed shape, color, whether having wing, uplift spacing, and the distribution of oil chamber.4. Research oil content and composition of angelica seed of different cultivated varietiesFor the first time,11 kinds of fatty acids composition in the Angelica seed oil have been identified. The correlation of seed maturity and the component content have been concluded and it has been determined that best harvest time for angelica seed in the main origin is August 22 to August 30. Through principal component analysis, caproic acid, oleic acid, capric acid is the common characteristic fatty acid composition for different maturity seed of angelica of different cultivated varieties (strains). Angelica of different cultivated varieties (strains) and different maturity seed samples can be classified by clustering analysis.5.Comprehensive evaluation on seed quality of angelica of different cultivated varietiesTaking thousand seed weight, germination rate, the seed vigor and physiological and biochemical indexes, fatty oil content as evaluation indicators, using grey correlation analysis method, construct the grey correlation analysis model for the evaluation of angelica seed quality. The results show that, Mingui No.4 and Mingui No.3 cultivated by heavy ion irradiation of biological breeding techniques has the best quality. Followed is Mingui No.2, Mingui No.1 and Mingui No.5. Seed with No.90-03 and 2000-01 is of relatively poor quality. Among commercially available Angelica seeds, seeds from the original production region -Min County and Zhang County has relatively good quality. Jilin, Anguo wrongly sold Angelica acutiloba Kitag. And Angelica gigas Nikai as Angelica seeds. Experiments show that, cultivation of east Chinese angelic Angelica acutilobaKitiag a, Korean, Anguo and Jilin commercially available seed, the germination rate were all lower than 52%, and rate of emergence is lower than 40%, indicating they are of the worst quality, and cannot be used in the production.6. Comprehensive evaluation on medicinal quality of angelica of different cultivated varieties Taking volatile oils, ferulic acid, butene phthalide, ligustilide, European angelica lactones A, polysaccharides, flavonoids extract content as evaluation index, using, establish the comprehensive evaluation model-TOPSIS model for angelica medicinal quality based on the multiple index evaluation system. The results show that, Mingui No.3 and Mingui No.4 and wild angelica herbs have the best quality, followed by angelica produced by Min County and Zhang County, as well as cultivated strain 2000-01 and Mingui No.2, Mingui No.5, and Mingui No.1. The introduced Korean and Qinghai angelica are of the worst quality. In which, the content of volatile oil in Mingui No.4 is 3.17,1.48 times of that in introduced Korean angelica and Qinghai angelica sinensis. ligustilide content is 6.58 and 1.69 times of angelica sinensis in Korean Qinghai angelica.Through the above research, it is suggested that the current quality standard of Radix Angelica sinensis should include content determination of butene phthalide and ligustilide,and the characteristic fingerprint of TCM.7.Correlation studies between angelica herbs of different cultivated varieties and commodities rankAccording to the<Seventy-six kinds of medicinal materials specifications of goods>", for the first time, the Chinese angelica medicinal materials of different varieties (strains) shall have hierarchies. Statistics for each grade showed that Mingui No.3. Mingui No.4, and Mingui No.5 is mainly the first class whole angelica proportion takes over 35%; followed by a second-class whole angelica, proportion takes over 33%, the 3rd and 4th class takes less than 30%of all, no 5th class. Mingui No.1,2000-01 are mainly second-class whole angelica, the ratio is 37.50-39.58%, the third and fourth less than 30%, the proportion of 5th class whole angelica ratio is above 2%; Mingui No..2 is mainly 4th class whole angelica, proportion of over 33%, followed by first class whole angelica, with ratio of 22.92%, second-class whole angelica rate was 20.83%, the third class angelica less than 20%, the proportion of 5th class whole angelica ratio is above 4%; 90-03 is mainly third-class whole angelica, proportion of over 33%, but the 1st class whole angelica is only 10.42%, the proportion of the second-class and four are less than 26.00%, fifth class takes proportion of more than 8%. According to the the proportion of optimal whole angelica, Mingui No.3, Mingui No.4 and Mingui No.5 are good seeds.8. Pharmacodynamic evaluation for angelica herbs of different varietiesIn combination with the main effect of angelica sinensis and research results of modern pharmacological activities of, apply angelica extract from different parts to mice caused by acetyl phenylhydrazine with blood deficiency, qi deficiency mice swimming exhaustion to investigate the enriching blood, activating blood, nourishing one’s vitality action. The results show that the method according to the traditional decoction extract of acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) to blood deficiency symptoms improved effect is more obvious; Angelica 70%ethanol extraction part of qi deficiency symptom improvement effect is more apparent. By screening the effective extraction part of angelica sinensis in different cultivars (strains) blood tonic herbs, activating blood, nourishing one’s vitality effectiveness evaluation, the result shows that Mingui No.3, Mingui No.4, wild angelica, angelica produced by Min county and Zhang County angelica blood, their activating blood, nourishing one’s vitality effect is better than that of other samples.9. Safety evaluation for angelica herbs of different cultivated varietiesFor angelica sinensis in different cultivars (strains), introduced Korean angelica,wild Chinese angelica and angelica sinensis samples in different regions, the organochlorine pesticide residues, heavy metals and harmful elements content are determinated. The results show that the 90-03 to tail, the 2000-01 to tail. Weiyuan produced angelica to tail exceed the limit of gamma BHC,2000-01 to head, copper (Cu) content exceed the limit. The rest of the samples are compliant with the law of the People’s Republic of China "green trade standards of importing medicinal plants &preprations" standards.Through Method of grey correlation analysis, safety comprehensive ranking in the top 10 are:Mingui No.4 to tail, body, Mingui No.3 body, Mingui No.4 head, Mingui No.2 body, Mingui No.3 tail, Mingui No.2 tail, wild angelica body, tail and head. Mingui No.4,Mingui No.3, wild and Mingui No.2 are better in safety compared with other samples. In addition, angelica different parts is different on the degree of enrichment of heavy metals and harmful elements, for head the enrichment for the lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) degree is higher than body and tail, tail of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) concentration degree is higher than to the head and body. The body on the degree of enrichment of heavy metals and harmful elements below that of the head and tail.To study the acute toxicity of water extract and ethanol extract of Mingui No.3 and Mingui No.4, the results show that the toxicity of water extract and ethanol extract of Mingui No.3 and Mingui No.4 was very small, thus the LD50 of mice could not be obtained. MTD of water extract and ethanol extract was larger than 40 g/kg. The maximum tolerated dose multiple equals 120 times of the dose for adults (60 kg). Irradiation breeding varieties does not have apparent toxicity, thus its clinical routine dose is safe and feasible.10. Correlation between medicinal herbs and angelica seeds of different varietiesBy angelica sinensis of different cultivated varieties seeds and medicinal materials quality comprehensive study, the results showed that Mingui No.4, Mingui No.3 seed and medicinal materials quality ranking results is consistent; To evaluate the efficacy and safety, proving that Mingui No.3. Mingui No.4 has significant efficacy, and good security. Mingui No.4 and Mingui No.3 is worth popularization and application of good varieties of good quality, safe and effective.The research results show that high quality seeds is key factor of high quality medicinal materials, the above experiment is to "good seed is good medicine" the best interpretation. The study provides a theoretical basis for scientific connotation to explore Chinese angelica different cultivated varieties (strains) "form-quality-effect" correlation.