Study On The Hypoglycemic Substances Quality Analysis And Extraction Process Of The Bitter Gourd Root

PART I:Pharmacognostical Study on bitter gourd rootObjective:To conduct a pharmacognostical study on bitter gourd root so as to provide scientific evidence for the development,utilization and quality control of this herbal plant. Method:The pharmacognosy of bitter gourd root was studied from the aspects including plant resource characteristics, microscopic and physiochemical identifications,etc. Result:bitter gourd root was distinctive in all the studiedaspects (plant resource, characteristics, microscopic and physiochemical identifications). Conclusion:The results of the study could serve as scientific evidences for the quality standard, development and utilization of bitter gourd root.PART Ⅱ:Study on the a-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Different Extract Parts from the Bitter Gourd RootObjective:To study the a-glucosidase inhibitory activities of different extract parts from root of the bitter gourd root and screen the active part.Method:Organic solvent extract after ethanol circumfluence to obtain petroleum benzine、acetidin、n-butanol and water extraction parts.PNPG colorimetry was used to detect the a-glucosidase inhibiting activity of ethanol extract and the other parts. Result:All of the extract parts of root of the bitter gourd root had different inhibiting effect to a-glucosidase. There were significant differences between the extract parts and control group (P<0.01). Water part had the strongest inhibitory activity,when the concentration was 100ug.ml-1,the inhibition rate got to61%.Conclusion:Different extract parts of the bitter gourd root have inhibiting effect on a-glucosidase and the water part.have the strongest effect.PART Ⅲ:Study on the saponin aglycone constituents and screen the active site of the Bitter gourd rootObjective:To study the chemical composition and Screen hypoglycemic active site of bitter gourd root.Method：Extraced with70%ethanol, underpressure concentrated, then extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol extraction step by step to get all bitter gourd root extract parts of different polarity.Using silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC, monomer compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate. Using subcutaneous injection400μg.kg-1adrenal hydrochloride injection to replication in mice model of high blood sugar to screen the active site of bitter gourd root. Result:Three compounds were obtained from the Ethyl acetate extract, Chemical structures were β-sitosterol,I;5,25-stigmastadien-3-ol, Ⅱ;(23E)-5β,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol;Cucurbita-5,24-diene-3,7,23-trione。Results showed that extracts of different polarity and aglycone have a certain effect of hypoglycemic activity on adrenaline hyperglycemia,and the most significant hypoglycemic parts are n-butanol and water extracts.Conclusion:Aglycone has some hypoglycemic activity on mouse model of high blood sugar, However,the hypoglycemic efect of n-butanol and water extracts adrenaline effect is more notable.PART IV:Determination of Saponins in the Root of Momordica Charantia L. in Ddifferent Areas by HPLCObjective:To determine the content of saponins in the root of Momordica Charantia L. in different areas by HPLC. Method:the content of saponins in Momordica Charantia L. was determined by HPLC, chromatographic conditions:the chromatographic column was Gemini C18(250*4.6mm,5μm),the mobile phase was water-methanol (45:55),the column temperature was30℃,the flow rate was1mL·min-1,the detection wavelength was205nm,and the inject volume was10μL. Result:the linear relationship was good within0.051～1.02mg-mL-l,the regression equation was Y=1.7504X-0.3545(r=0.9998),the average recovery was99.38%(RSD=1.99%). Conclusion: the differences of saponins in the root of Momordica Charantia L. in different areas varied greatly, this method can be used in quality assessment and control.PART V:Study on the Extraction Process of saponins in roots of Momordica charantia.L by Orthogonal DesignObjective:To optimal the technology of extraction for saponins in the roots of Momordica charantia.L. Method:Taking total saponins of Momordica charantia.L and Ginsenoside as standard sample, selecting531nm wavelength and by spectrometric method. Alcohol content, alcohol amounts, extracting temperature and extracting time were selected as four factors, and the contents of saponins from the roots of Momordica charantia.L in water extraction were used as indexes.L9(34) Orthogonal test was employed for selecting the optimum of extraction technology. Result:Alcohol content60%, alcohol8amounts, extracting3times with two hours for each time was considersd the optimum extraction technology of the roots of Momordica charantia.L. Conclusion:The technology after optimization has a good stability、feasible and reproducibility, the method can be used in the extracting of total saponins from the roots of Momordica charantia.L.