Brain Structure And Function Study In The Patients With Type Ⅱ Diabetes Using MRI

Purposes: To investigate the structural and functional changes of the brain in patientswith type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus compared with normal controls, and the effects on the brainstructural and functional changes for the insuline therapy for1year in patients with type Ⅱdiabetes mellitus using high field MR imaging.Materials and Methods: High resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted fast spoiledgradient recalled echo, diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state fMRI was obtained from16type2diabetes patients and16normal controls, and the same protocle was performedwith11patients with insuline therapy for1year. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM),surfaced-based cortical thickness analysis, and resting-state fMRI were applied to thecomparison of the structural and functional changes between the the patients and normalcontrols, and the structural and functional changes of the insuline therapy for1year.Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), paired t test and partial correlation analysis wereapplied for the statistical analysis.Results: The results demonstrated that the gray and white matter of the right temporallobe were observed in the patients with extensive thinning cortex. The increased total grayand white matter volume were involved after the therapy using insulin for one year, andlongitudinal VBM indicated that regional cortices were the targeted brain region withincreased volume, and longitudinal surface-based cortical thickness analysis demonstratedextensive thickennig cortices, and the bilateral temporal and entorhinal cortices were thetargeted brain region with thickenning cortices. Diffusion tensor imaing indicated thatincreased ADC value was observed in gray and white matter, and FA value showedincreasing and decreasing. Resting-state fMRI demonstrated that regional decreasedregional homogeneity and amplitude of low frequency fluctuation were observed, and thesignificant different functional connectivity in26pair brain regions were detected in typeII diabetes patients compared with normal controls. Conclusions: Comprehensive imaging analysis suggested that the extensive brainatrophy and brain resting functional changes were demonstrated in the patients with type2diabetes mellitus compared with normal controls, and increased brain volume weredetected in the patients with type2diabetes mellitus with insuline therapy for1year.