Comparative Study Of Terminology Standard On Visceral Manifestation Theory In Traditional Chinese Medicine

Purpose:This Study comparatively analysed5popular Terminology Standards of Traditional Chinese Medicine about viseral manifestation theory in sumerizing the differences between them and their forming reasons. Finding out the principles and methods in standardization of term translation in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Putting forward proper and creative English translation terms about visceral manifestation theory, which provides reference for standardization of English translation of traditional Chinese medicine terms.Subsjects and Methods:We summarize, discuss and make a comparative analysis of329terms about visceral manifestation theory in the5Terminology Standards of Traditional Chinese Medicine.1.Chinese and English concept of terms respectively refer to The Republic National Standard Terms of The Basic Theory of TCM GB/T20348-2003and Nei Jing and The Basic Theory of TCM. Concepts of English translation terms refer to:Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary Fourth Edition Supplement Publication and other websites such as http://dictionary.reference.com and www.answers.com etc.2. English translation of these329terms about visceral manifestation were classified into four levels (Ⅰ. Ⅱ. Ⅲ. Ⅳ)with four concordance rate.which goes from full agreement in5standards to complete inconsistency. The level Ⅲ and Ⅳ translations of terms were the essential part of our study.(1) We maintain the primary English translation terms toward fully consistent English translation terms in all the five standards.(2) We choose mostly a best term from original English translation terms toward mostly consistent English translation terms in all the five standards through discussion.(3) We choose the most appropriate term through discussion and comparison between selected similar terms and original terms toward partly consistent English translation terms in all the five standards through discussion. The author puts forward two new English translation terms.(4) We discuss zero consistent English translation terms in all the five standards through discussion not only from English translation terms, but also from Chinese concepts and it is the stress of this research, finally the author suggested118more proper English translation terms.Results and Conclusion:There were329terms and their derived words brought in the study, in which61were reached to level Ⅰ and Ⅱ and reached about18.5%of all the terms. Terms of level III and IV were268.and reached about81.5%of all the terms. There were118term considered to be more proper than original ones and were suggested to be used.(1) The number of terms from the5terminology standards were statistically different.(2) There exists multiple translations of one term and onetranslation for severel termsaccording to our critical selecting standards(3) The basic terms of some definition,biology function and anatomy terms in Visceral Manifestation Theory are confirmed.such as qi, blood, yin. yang, essence, spirit, heart, liver. spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine, small intestine, gallbladder, stomach, bladder, triple energizer(jiao). brain, marrow, bone, vessel, uterus etc.(4) Some of the translation in the5sterminology standards were self-contradictive or too literal.We have to find out the right meaning in Chinese and select or creat proper translation to avoid mistakes..(5) Some frequently used verbs and Predicate structures can be translated into relatively fixed format which would facilitate the use and comprehensive of terms.(6) The translation of terms in Traditional Chinese Medicine is experiencing the changes of "transliteration-transcribe-transliteration"(7) Naturality, terseness, nationality, regularity are the principles of term translation in TCM. We should translate the Chinese Medicine terms establishing by usage, following in proper sequence, contest mobility,meaningful and concise,,well ranged and criterions writingBriefly, terms in humanities and behavioral science are often described as descriptive terms.and so was characterized with Traditional Chinese Medicine terms. We usually conclude the definitions of one term but not forcibly standardize them.