| Background/PurposeJob satisfaction is considered as an important issue that can expect the systems stability, reduce the job turnover and enhance worker motivation. Based on defining the motivation as willingness to use and sustain efforts towards reaching managerial purposes, well-functioning systems must try to improve various factors, such as satisfaction and morale, which in turn expect the motivationGenerally, doctors have some obstacles in obtaining all their needs and their patients’needs, where this affects majorly on their satisfaction. Therefore, it is important to recognize the opinions of doctors and incorporate them in various decision-making processes to enhance their job satisfaction levels and improve the quality of offered services to their patients. Doctors’job satisfaction levels can be affected by various environmental, physiological, psychological factors, also it can be affected by several factors, such as the relation of employees with their managers, their work completion degree, job promotion, work environment quality, well job treatment and the forfeit that should be sufficient with their position and performance.One of the most important and critical sectors in any country is the healthcare sector. Mainly, the lack of healthcare professionals in many countries and the continuous increase in healthcare services attract an attention of determining necessary and critical strategies for enhancing the job satisfaction and improving ways to keep current workers in this sector. Job satisfaction of healthcare professionals is more and more being defined as a measurement that must be incorporated in any quality development program in which low job satisfaction can result in employees absenteeism and turnover where this in turn affects the health services efficiency. On the other hand, the enhanced job satisfaction can result in improved and increased productivity.job satisfaction is a critical indicator for the work quality. It can be affected by several factors, such as the relation of employees with their managers, their work completion degree, job promotion, the work environment quality, well job treatment and the forfeit that should be sufficient with their position and performance. The job satisfaction can be measured based on both the sector prospects and productivity where these make positive or negative stances of the sector work, manager and assistantsThe aim of this research is to carry out a comparison between government hospitals in Jordan and China according to doctors’job satisfaction in order to determine the main problems and factors that affect the job satisfaction of healthcare sector doctors and then find appropriate solutions. This comparison will include the following:· Exploring the job turnover problem and its affect on doctors’job satisfaction in Jordan and China.· Exploring the reasons for the job turnover in the healthcare sector in Jordan and China.· Exploring the specific factors that affect on doctors job satisfaction in Jordan and China.· Exploring the solutions and recommendation as a health policy for the factors that affect on doctors job satisfaction in Jordan and China.· This comparison will include the doctors in the government hospitals in Jordan and China.The proposed aim can be achieved based on following these objectives:· Understand the main concepts and issues of job satisfaction in the healthcare sector.· Review some of the related works about the job satisfaction in the healthcare sector of various countries.· Define the most appropriate general indicators of job satisfaction.· Make a questionnaire according to the defined job satisfaction indicators and then distribute it to healthcare sector doctors in specific government hospitals in both countries. · Collect and analyze the questionnaire data.· Perform a comparative analysis between both countries based on the collected data.MethodsThe main purpose of this work is to perform a comparison among government hospitals in Jordan and China according to doctors’job satisfaction to determine the main problems and factors that affect on doctor’s job satisfaction of the government hospitals, then find appropriate solutions for these factors. A quantitative research is conducted in this work based on writing and distributing questionnaire for doctors in specific government hospitals in both Jordan and China. Randomly, selected doctors in both countries were asked to fill the questionnaire.The main issues that covered in the questionnaire are:The factors that affect the job satisfaction of healthcare sector doctors, the level of job satisfaction among healthcare sector doctors in both countries, the relation between the job satisfaction dimensions of healthcare sector doctors and these factors:relations between doctors, time pressure, work load, patient care, responsibility, opportunity to develop workload, salary, politics and organizational culture recommendations to enhance the job satisfaction in healthcare sectors of both countries and the responsibility of managers in controlling the job turnover in the healthcare sector. Results of the questionnaire a are collected and analyzed using the chi-square test and fisher exact test. The following chart summarizes the conducted methodology in this research.It also performed to determine the main problems and factors that have negative and positive impacts on the job satisfaction of doctor’s in health care sector, then find appropriate solutions for these factors.Therefore, to ensures that the doctor’s job in the health care sector have an appropriate work environment including work characteristics that can be linked to job motivation, satisfaction and positive outcomes.This study has an important role in convincing the policy makers to consider the factors that affect on job satisfaction of doctors in government hospitals in Jordan and China. The sample of this research is200doctor’s from each country,400doctors from both countries Jordan and China.The questionnaires distributed for4government hospitals in each country and we selected four departments from each hospital in each country as the following (40docotrs from maternity,60doctors from surgery,60doctors from medical and40doctors from pediatric) to respond to the questionnaire, and the sample selected randomly from four departments.Results1-The most organizational factors can effect on doctor’s job satisfaction in Jordan and china include:Training and development, Teamwork,Time pressure, Quality of work environment, Patient care, Workload, Organizational culture, Politics, Salary.2-The most social factors that effect on doctor’s job satisfaction in Jordan and chinainclude:Culture, Relations among doctors and patients, Social status, Government policies.3-According to the result that we got it after the data analysis, according to china97males and103females were participated in this questionnaire, while89males and111females were participated from Jordan), the highest age of participants were between18-60years.4-According to the training and development we found that china have90.1%, while Jordan have90.2%, this show us that the training and development in Jordan effect on job satisfaction more than china,but for the the time pressure, we found that china have86%while Jordan81%, that’s mean the time pressure in china effect on job satisfaction more than in Jordan.5-For the quality of patients care, we found that china have85.3%while Jordan have87, that’s mean the quality of patients care in Jordan affect by job satisfaction more than china.6-We found that work load in china have83.7%,while in Jordan84%,this show us that the job satisfaction in Jordan affected by the work load more than china,also for the work environment we found china have83.7%but Jordan have84%, that’s mean the job satisfaction in Jordan affected by the work environment more than china.7-The salary in china have83.2%but Jordan have86.9%, that’s mean the job satisfaction in Jordan can be affected by the salary more than china.8-The politics in china have80.1%, while Jordan have76.6%, that’s mean the politics in china can effected on job satisfaction more in Jordan.9-For the organizational culture, we found that china have78.2%, while Jordan have82.9, this show us the that the job satisfaction in china can be affected by the organizational culture more than Jordan.10-For the social status, china have82%while Jordan have86.3%,that’s show us job satisfaction in Jordan can be affected by the social status more than china, also the relation between doctors and patients in china was86.6%while Jordan was83%, this give us that the relation ship between doctors and patients in china can be effect on job satisfaction more than Jordan.11-For the government politics, we found that china have80.4%, while Jordan have80.1%, that show us the government politics in china can effect on job satisfaction more than Jordan.12-For the culture we found that china have80.1%,while Jordan78.3%, that’s show us the job satisfaction in china can be affected by the culture more than Jordan. Finally for the team work, china have89.1%while Jordan have89.5%, that show us the job satisfaction in Jordan can be affected by team works more than chinaIt can be clearly seen that doctors in both countries agreed that the most effective organizational factors on their job satisfaction are the training and development and teamwork. On the other hand, they have different opinions concerning the social factors, where doctors in Jordan agreed that most effective social factor on their job satisfaction social status, while it is the relations between doctors and patients in Chinese doctors’point of view.The Results demonstrated that most effective factors on doctors job satisfaction in Jordan and China are the training and development(Jordan89.2-China90.1) and teamwork (Jordan89.5-China89.1).Thus, to enhance the job satisfaction of doctors in both countries, ministry of health should increase the number of training courses for doctors and improve their relations with each other. ConclusionJob satisfaction can influence the work motivation, personal health, career decisions and relations between employees. This section explores some of the related works about job satisfaction and demonstrates the factors that result in job satisfaction or dissatisfaction. High job dissatisfaction affect on staff absenteeism and turnover which in turn decreases the health services efficiency.Generally, factors that affect job satisfaction differ in nature since there are various involved personal expectations and factors where this is inclined to generate exceptions. Thus, generalizations are dangerous. Healthcare work environment future causes major challenges for both employees and employers. Managers suggest that when the healthcare facilities require attracting and retaining healthcare professionals, appropriate ways must be founded to satisfy essential job satisfaction factors and many other benefits.The determination of job satisfaction factors and their impact on organizational performance is very important in the healthcare system. Improving performance can significantly improve the quality and efficiency of patient care. In view of the fact that there are insufficient numbers of healthcare workers in worldwide, employee satisfaction should be given great importance by researchers, policy makers and administrators, making it imperative for administrators to understand the factors significantly impacting their organization’s performance.The correlation analysis between various job satisfaction dimensions indicated that good organizational performance depends in good part upon management’s attitude towards employees. In addition, the performance factor has a significant correlation to pay/rewards as well as to colleagues. Job security ranked as the lowest factor in association with performance. At the same time, the correlation analysis showed a significant relationship connecting the various job satisfaction factors. These results contain valuable insights that can enable policy makers as well as administrators to raise the satisfaction and-by inference-the excellent performance of their employees to the betterment of society as a whole. Job satisfaction is a notable and perhaps inveterate attitude, affective, permeating cognitive and the respects of behavioral for peoples’work and nonworking lives. These features focus about the importance of job satisfaction as a construct deserve attention in the field of organizational sciences also as individual well-being search in general. The reciprocal nature of job attitudes and subjective well-being highlights the fact that a proper understanding of one domain is incomplete without due consideration of the other.One of definitions of job satisfaction is how feel of people on the job and its different aspects. It must be known the people who like their jobs and who do not like their jobs. For this reason job dissatisfaction and job satisfaction can show at any certain work case. There is a mix of positive and negative feelings of the workers towards their work represented by the job satisfaction.At the same time, when a worker working at organization of business, brings with it experiences, desires and needs that determinates expectations which he has rejection. The "Job satisfaction" represents range expectations and fits in with the real prizes. The Job satisfaction is associated closely with the individual’s behavior at the workplace.Job satisfaction regarding with doctors may be increased by repair in structure of service and through the provision of better salary. Doctor satisfaction is not a fixed parameter, but is a dynamic entity mediated by each factor that related of doctors and the others factors that related to their job.Questionnaire results demonstrated that the most effective organizational factors on the job satisfaction of doctors in both countries are the training and development and teamwork. Conversely, they differ in their opinions concerning the most effective social factors, where it is the social status from Jordanian doctors’point of view, while it is the relations among doctors and patients from Chinese doctors’point of view. This demonstrates that to improve the job satisfaction of doctors in both countries, various training courses must be conducted to decrease the number of doctor’s malpractice, offer more knowledge, improve their skills and offer organized procedures for them. On the other hand, the job satisfaction of doctors can be enhanced based on enhancing the teamwork based on improving the way they deal with each other where it can improve the care quality, patient safety and offered qualified works.Based on the conducted survey, it was found that the most common factors that affect on the job satisfaction of doctors in both countries are:training and development and teamwork. Concerning those factors, the following issues must be taken into account to ensure job satisfaction and reduce turnover in the target government hospitals. It is suggested to· Take into account the capabilities of doctors during distributing works.· Develop guidelines to ensure that the working hours do not affect on doctors.· Increase the flexibility concerning workload and working hours.· Minimize the conflict among family and work by a supportive management.· Realize the effect of work life balance on job satisfaction.· Set various policies and strategies for doctors at different stages of their job.· Introduce suitable policies in the work life balance area.· Conduct training courses to improve the quality of patient care.· Enhance the communication among doctors in the same or different departments.· Take into account the culture differences among doctors and their religious issues.Innovation and limitation:In this research we tried to find some special things to make this research more interesting for all the doctor’s who participated in this questionnaire.We choosed4hospitals from Jordan and4hospitals from china, from each hospital we choosed4departments including, surgical, medical, maternity and pediatric department. The sample selected randomly from each hospital,but they should be a doctor’s.We distributed the questionnaires for each hospitals in Jordan and china as following:60questionnaires for surgical departments,60questionnaire for medical department,40questionnaire for pediatric department, finally40questionnaire for maternity department. After that we collected tall the questionnaires from all the hospitals in Jordan and china to make data analysis.In this section we tried to find an appropriate software to make this data analysis especially my topic talk about a comparison between two countries,after that especially after i received some suggestions from different teachers and professors in my school, we decide to use the chi-square test also fisher exact test in the same time to help us and give us more accurate results.After we got the results from the software, we tried to study these factors very well to find an appropriate way to make this comparison between all of these different factors in Jordan and china.According to the results, we found that the most effecting factors in Jordan and china is training and development, also the team work, especially both of those factors have a direst effect on doctors job satisfaction in Jordan and china.According to this result we start thinking about finding some solutions to reduce or remove the effect of theses factors on doctors job satisfaction in Jordan and china.The limitation of this study:1-Difficulty to find an appropriate hospitals to use it in our study especially the difference of hospitals size in both countries.2-the long time between distributing and collecting the questionnaire from different hospitals in both countries and this effect on accomplish time of this study.3-Difficulty to find an appropriate data analysis software to use it in our study to get the final results. |
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