| Some kinds of disease relate to free radical, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, senile dementia and some chronic disease about ageing, metabolism, endocrine secretion, gastrointestinal digestion. All these diseases because of much more free radical in our body and cell.These free radical attack macromolecule to result in damaging our tissues and organs.It is important to clean excessive free radical to keep balance of our body.Recent study show us that some effectiveness of traditional Chinese drug relating to the ablity of cleaning free radical.Recent studies show the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait.has the ability of antioxidant activities in vitro. Study on the chemical constituents of the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum. Ait. to disclose the relationgs betweem effectiveness and chemical constituents of antioxidant activities.It is important to develope and use the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait.We evaluate the antioxidant activities of these samples by testing the ability of cleaning DPPH free radical.The first step is evaluating the antioxidant activities of the methanol extracts of the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait., the extracts of petroleum benzin,the extracts of ethyl acetate.the extracts of n-butanol and the extracts of the rest part. The extracts of ethyl acetate and the extracts of n-butanol have stronger scavenging ability of DPPH free radical.In order to find antioxidant chemical constituents,we study on the extracts of ethyl acetate by phytochemical research methods and spectroscopic analysis.28 chemical constituents are isolated from the extracts of ethyl acetate,20 chemical constituents are identified as:3-acetyl oleanolic acid (1), (3-Sitosterol (2),19a-hydroxy-3-acetylursolic acid (3).Oleanocic Acid (4),Ursolic Acid (5),19a-hydroxy ursolic acid (6),19a-hydroxy Oleanocic Acid (7),20(S)-3β,20-dihydroxy-24-perhydroxydammar-25-ene (8) ,Betulin (9), 19β-hydroxy ursolic acid (10),maslinic acid (11),4-Hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (12),Apigenin(13),3’,5’,2,4,6, p-hexahydroxydihydrochalcone(14),Luteolin (15),Quercetin (16),Daucosterol (17),Rutin (18), Apigenin-7-O-p-D-glucopyranoside(19),oleuropein(20),3’,5’,2,4,6, β-hexahydroxydihydrochalcone is a new compound. We test the antioxidative activity of some of these compounds by check the ability of cleaning DPPH free radical, the flavone compounds(Apigenin, Quercetin, Rutin)and the iridoid compounds(oleuropein) have stronger antioxidative activity than the triterpenes compounds. The antioxidative activity of total triterpenes was obviously stronger than that of triterpene monomer.To test the scavenging ability of DPPH-of main 4 triterpenes in the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. by HPLC through calculate peak area difference.The peak area of Oleanocic Acid and Ursolic mixture lessen 46.80%.It show that the Oleanocic Acid and Ursolic participate reaction much more in total compound mixture system.The peak area reduce most is water-solubility substance in HPLC spectrum.The method could be used to evaluate scavenging ability of DPPH-by comparing the reduction of peak area and used to initially screen antioxidative substance from traditional Chinese drug.Triterpenes is the main active constitutent of the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and has antioxidative activity.Building the methods to measure Oleanocic Acid, Ursolic Acid,3-acetyl oleanolic acid and maslinic acid content by using HPLC. Oleanocic Acid average contents is:3.44-5.95 mg/g. Ursolic Acid average contents is: 0.67-1.72 mg/g.3-acetyl oleanolic acid average contents is:0.54-6.77 mg/g. maslinic acid average contents is:1.07-2.66 mg/g.The yield of methanol extracts test shows that the bigger fruit of Ligusti-um lucidum Ait has higher yield and antioxidative activity.The fruits got more sunlight has higher antioxidative activity.The weight and sunlight of sample D is the highest and its yield of methanol extracts and antioxidative activity is the highest in four samples.The sample picked later has higher antioxidative activity. The antioxidative activity of the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait has comparatively large difference from different year.The flower, shoot and leave of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. has antioxidative activity.The antioxidative activity of flower is very strong. The flower and leave’s clearance rate of DPPH·are 95.36% and 29.00%.The UV spectrum can give more information of chemical compounds in traditional Chinese drug.We analysis the UV spectrum by principal component analysis.The method can distinguish the fruit and the flower,shoot,leave and the samples from different trees and different years.We think the method can use to control the quality of traditional Chinese drug and their extracts. |
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