| Vladimir Nabokov (1899-1977) is the one of important English writers in twentieth century, he was concerned in the early postmodern language environment, since the 1960s studying on Nabokov became the hot spot of academics, his aestheticism ideas, ethical concept, to his metaphysical ideas and his creative style and skill made nonstop argument in theory horizon, researcher tried to use all kinds of words to summarize the literary style of Nabokov.Such as“ironer of liberalism”,“hollow talented dancer”,“the most talent and achievement author”, and“the postmodern classic writer of Russia”, etc. are the voices of criticism which were equally aloud as compliment. In fact Nabokov’s writings had grown up in such sharply conflicting comments. For example Sartre looked his writing as“meaningless thing”, and some critics of the Soviet Union called him“rattlebrain clown”,“great master without literary”.The reality is the works of Nabokov had been banned in Russia for a long time, Mikhail Ivanovo, editor of Soviet Union Concise Encyclopedia, assess him“strange inhospitality like butterfly, completely divorced from the Russian traditional moral realism, only focusing on the complex, wit but useless art, just like producing the chess mystery.”Nabokov left the critics very left out in the period of Soviet Union.Finally in 1989, 12 years after his death, his work was full lifting of the ban in Russia, and soon all of Nabokov’s works were published in the former Soviet Union, and the formed a“Nabokov’s Age”of a Russian literary history, Europe and the United States also launched a academic study on Nabokov’s works, this enthusiasm make the studying on Nabokov into deeper, higher and more detailed level, meanwhile reader’s Emphasizing extended from a single shot to fame to all of his work.Nabokov had undergone many vicissitudes of life: childhood of noble life, displaced youth, middle age suffering from criticism and difficult literary producing of whole life, these rough experiences will no doubt stay in his life under severe scratches, also mark the cues beyond reality in his sub consciousness, Nabokov did not comply with any established pattern, also will not stay in any kind of rule or intoxicated after becoming famous. He boldly ridiculed all forms of creative patterns, all spiritual and moral confusion limits, this made his work style strange, and full of dream-like illusions and confuses.Compared with European and Russian passion to Nabokov’s works, so many of his Chinese readers are still unfamiliar or alienated with Nabokov, evaluation community even regard him as non-mainstream writers, such as "the moral ambiguity", "perverse disposition", "obscure style," "sexual perverts", there had been a wide variety of claims to the novels of Nabokov’s style and ethics significance of different opinions, evaluation community also produced a study of the following shortcomings of Nabokov:From the quantitative point of view, there are much studying on Nabokov, but if according to the view from the type, it turned out a large number of studies focused on two aspects: First, the studying on Nabokov in the form of skills workshops (language style, theme, character types, narrative technique, etc.), the second is Nabokov’s description of postmodern style, as well as its aesthetic value of works, both of them has a certain the depth of the excavation in a theoretical point of examples and work, but it should be noted that Nabokov was not a general sense of the writer, no matter the language he used on the multiplicity, or difficult to locate the style of his writing, or his standing out literary ideas, he is a new literary figure. Therefore, the studying on the formation of Nabokov’s literary characteristics still has a large vacant place. Nabokov is the master of a text, to be honest, his story described the novel is not bizarre; it will be a tremendous loss of color and become extremely mediocre if placed these stories in plain text. Nabokov successfully deduced a common story to a kaleidoscope of black legend, and successfully illustrate the endless changes the text of the novel under this volatile text. Therefore, the depth of the novels Nabokov studies has currently not completely solved the problem.Any writer’s writing style should have their complete development context, and for Nabokov, he was not suddenly enter the field of postmodern, and he also had writing experience of modernist style in his young age, currently the study on Nabokov’s creation of modernism relatively thin, but the attentions of many researchers are focusing on late postmodern Nabokov’s writing, this study will form concentration on Nabokov’s growing up on the split, and his cognitive bias.For this reason, I need to study on Nabokov (mainly English fiction) about his writing style and narrative style, systematically integrate and analyze the existing researching results, deeply summary of all of postmodern characteristics of Nabokov’s English novels, and finally give Nabokov researcher a more comprehensive and detailed comments text.Nabokov’s life is actually a process of tortuous fugitive and continuous changing creative scene, this objective process effectively divided Nabokov’s life into four stages, namely the Russian stage, the European stage, the United States stage and Swiss stage, so that Nabokov has also experienced triple language writing transformation, Russian writing, French writing and English writing. Introduction summarizes the studies at home and abroad on the main results of Nabokov, Nabokov’s growth process, creative experience, and Nabokov’s life experience.Commenting on the growth process of Nabokov’s literary field are discussed from four aspects, firstly, namely feelings of the Russian Symbolist thinking style and aesthetic refinement period, this classic spirit of the Russian Symbolist was from a long history of mysticism in Russian intellectual history, specifically re-extension of Solovyov’s "Sophia" theory. "Sophia" is perfect fit between Russian real-life and mysticism, it is the Silver Age’s new muse, this ethereal concept of art, which was in response to his inner aesthetic sentiments, is more easy to attract Nabokov rather than the heavy Russian realism. In his youth Nabokov immersed in real and magic world of the divine which built by the Russian new classic style and symbolist; secondly namely "time" concept of literature as a breakthrough remodeling period, Nabokov lost his geographic "home" and "reality" during his turbulent and rootless life from 1919 to 1940, this turned himself into a outsider in any living scene, the reality was marginalizing Nabokov, and future was unpredictable, only the soul in the past and the memory of homeland were constant, on another word, "reality " which identified by Nabokov only existed in lost time, and in his mind, his mental time and physical time were actually spitted, he felt personal psychological "organic time" and confrontation power between organic time and physical time of reality.This kind of "time" as a breakthrough art concepts arising from the literature made Nabokov see new life, and reshape the literary and artistic view of Nabokov, this makes him follow the form of pure art; Third, joining the United States during a sequence of post-modernism, Nabokov arrived at the United States in 1940, burdened with a variety of cultural backgrounds, he had a personal experience of the binary opposition between the "psychological reality" and "objective reality", known how to re-define and "physical time" or "application time" by using the conception "organic time", Nabokov quickly took to the diversified culture of U.S., and soon his thought was invaded by philosophical thought of existentialism and post-structuralism, he firmly hold concept of time of after-modern style. He always described by the memory of the ways in which past and present coexist, and under powerful lead of post-modernism turn world toward the metaphysical; Fourth, promoting the process of the United States post-modern period, from Nabokov’s literary history and changing direction of literary writing style, we can feel that Nabokov’s literary writing was just like butterflies which he obsessed, his literary writing repeated and continued cross between Russian mysticism and symbolist, modernism and postmodernism, humanities and natural sciences, history and future, time and space, this successfully made him to become the master of postmodernism in U.S..For Nabokov’s classic masterpiece of modern English novels: Lolita, Punin, Despair, I also state and analyze the characteristics of his post-modern text, to grasp the essence of post-modern characteristics of Nabokov. In the“Lolita: Postmodern Ethics Narrative" section, "deconstruction" has become one of key words, Humbert abandoned normal social status, and turn themselves into marginal man of society, living a abnormal life which secret life struggling with private life, accompanied by pain and pleasure. Nabokov embodies the ethics of a reasonable space and time, weaving in its time and space, ethics of personal life by some reasonable factors fictional light to get rid of the shackles of his moral strength. Under this ethical narrative, Nabokov started the post-modern "deconstruction" and "subversion" of the words to tell a grown man and 12-year-old minor girl of the abnormal emotional story.Obviously, this story is to tell about a completely individual experience, also a total violation of human morality founded on the basis of the abnormal situation, and therefore cannot be recognized by traditional moral values of any age, can only be in a literary fiction space and extreme personalization among ethics; in environment and human harmony with the new text of Punin, discarding and embedded text became the key words in this section, by blending comic and tragic black humor in joking tone, Nabokov completed philosophical thinking to the absurdity of the world, to the surviving hardship and the extrusion to human nature from the material, meanwhile displaying the material and soul other world by multiple and disorder narrative, confusing and fictional way, and flexible way of displaying time and space, to public imagination beyond reason, beyond the imagination of subject and object dichotomy; in highlighting art of Despair, Nabokov stepped forward in the road of post-moderation, he used embedded text to reveal the relationship of fiction and pure art, he used unique tension between the reader’s vision and originality, he used interleaved memory and reality of fantasy novels in the way described in the incident, intentionally disrupt the reader’s expectations to form a cross between fantasy, reality and accessibility.Nabokov’s novel about the English post-modern narrative strategy is the focus of this paper, in which Laughter in the Dark is the use of black humor strokes Nabokov typical text, the hero and Rex are anti-Obi absurd hero character, Nabokov knotted together the two unconnected persons, so that both of them fully engaged in a competition to create an absurd emotional waves, thus peeled life from serious and dignified, solemn and lofty moral, so that readers feel in absurd world the laughter in the darkness, hatred and quietness after murdering; and deconstruction in Pale Fire was of a very distinctive feature, in the back of these seem messy comments, formed a full range of possibilities and a literary world of uncertainty. Fragmentation and minor details access to the appropriate meaning and text space, consequent pull slow pace of reading; from the definition of meta-fiction, Lolita is a full description of the behavior of the narrative directly into the content of the creative process itself as a narrative object to challenge the traditional norms of realism, deconstruct "real" ideal of constrained typical of meta-fiction text. Lolita" was to show the fictional nature, meta-fictional novel features of Humbert and multiple themes which are all obvious intentions of meta-fiction.Nabokov is a language genius, so it is necessary to tell the significance of post-modern English novels of Nabokov’s language strategy. Nabokov was fluent in French, and tried to write in French, and he has a very high talent in language, and made creativity in two or more language of literature results. Firstly nourishment of the three heterogeneous languages to Nabokov, analyzed the differences in the paper of Russian, French and English, and the different effects on Nabokov. Russian was the authentic bread to Nabokov, French was his casual snacks, English was delicious dishes, while bread was of life to Nabokov, snacks was of romantic and delicious food was enable him to a new guise, filled with the happiness of creation. Therefore, the thickness of Russian, with French romantic, ethereal English language to build its own space; then the language of his butterfly-like colors, discusses the creature of the Nabokov butterfly creation effect, so that in language is to show the details of presentation, the structure of parody and the gorgeous nature; at last Nabokov’s changing tension and metaphysical philosophizing rhetoric analyzed the use of specific Nabokov metaphor, color, metaphysical philosophizing and other methods, to turn the language text into a colorful kaleidoscope.Finally the paper goes up to the field of aesthetics about the aesthetic value of Nabokov’s English novels. In the long observing habits of butterflies’features and kinds, Nabokov seemed to have been infected with the butterfly’s genes, he began to think from a literary point of view about butterfly, and from butterfly’s point of view to literature, he felt the "poetry precision and the passion of pure science," and learned the way to go with a butterfly mind to create, opened up a unique butterfly perspective. In this way, Nabokov broke the gap between humanities and natural science to find a meeting point. This chapter from the view of butterfly’s camouflage qualities to make the legalization of literary parody, the details of the butterfly character to the feelings of individuals more infectious, the beauty of butterflies ever-changing characteristics of the rhetoric, the butterfly’s aesthetic qualities that make the pursuit of a more purely artistic point of view of four qualities to discuss Nabokov’s butterfly-style aesthetic. It is in this unique field of vision, the "art from imitation," "art imitates nature," "novel is fiction," "fiction is game," and "high art and pure science, the detail is everything" aesthetic ideas generated.This thesis takes English novels of Nabokov postmodernism as research subjects, use "post modernism" from novel to exhibit the changes of evolution, changes of literary thought, narrative innovation and aesthetic concepts such factors changes to read a single text of writer to highlight the creative thinking and individual spirit in different stages to gradually expand, placed "postmodernism" in a different time frame, historical transition and different historical and cultural context, from aesthetic, historical and spiritual phenomenology three dimensions of English novels to integrate and explore "postmodernism" to grasp the creative changes and aesthetic value of writer. |
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