| Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong, the only version of Yuan Zaju, is thevaluable material to study Yuan Zaju and also keeps rich languagematerials of Yuan Dynasty; Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong, the typicalworks of popular literature, is mainly reflected by using lots ofpopular Chinese characters, words and sayings; Yuankan Zaju SanshiZhong, the best sample of studying versions of Yuan Dynasty, not onlypossesses the unique characteristics in text content but also has itsown specific style in text version.The thesis, takingYuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong as its study object,focuses on both its text content and its features of version and fromthese two aspects tries to probe its features of language use anddrama performance system. The thesis explores its document valuefrom its use of popular Chinese characters, phrases and sayings andits value of drama performance system from its different elements in version. The thesis has four chapters in addition to the introductionand the conclusion.The object, present situation, the aim and the value of the studyare included in the introduction part, meanwhile the thought and themethod of the study are introduced too.The popular Chinese characters of Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhongare studied in Chapter One. First of all, the popular characters fromdifferent versions are extracted one by one through photocopy andanalyzed, while the distributed situation and the features of eachversion are pointed out. And then the simplified types of the popularChinese characters are summarized and the regular patterns of thesimplification are concluded. Finally, the popular Chinesse charactersof Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong are found more systematic and moreregular, compared with popular characters of Dunhuang andsimplified popular characters of Song Dynasty taken from SongyuanYilai Suzi Pu. The preparation period of simplified popular Chinesecharacters system was from Dunhuang Period to Song Dynasty, whileYuan Dynasty was the forming time of simplified popular Chinesecharacters, therefore the position of simplified Chinese characters ofYuan Dynasty can not be ignored in the history of Chinese characters.The popular words of Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong are studied inChapter Two. There are many textual researches about popular Chinese words of Yuan Zaju, but most of the materials they havequoted are from Yuan Zaju compiled in Ming Dynasty. Many popularwords in Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong are not included in relatedlexicography. Some of the popular words which haven’t beenexplained are chosen and expounded in the thesis and some of themare still active in the dialects of North China, such as Shanxi Dialect.Based on the documentary evidence from Yuan Zaju of Zangshiblock-printed edition of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, the thesis tries toget richer emotional material and offers a complete and exactexplanation, combining documentary materials from spoken languagein all past dynasties such as notes and vernacular novels and modernlive dialects as a proof. Simultaneously, thanks to materials fromlanguage database, the thesis traces the origin of every word chosenand indicates the earliest time to use them. Referred to the GrandDictionary of Chinese Dialect, we list all the words that have beencontrasted with that in Grand Dictionary of Chinese Language one byone, which aims to offer a proof for excluded words, missing semanticitems and late documentary evidence.The popular sayings of Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong are studiedin Chapter Three. One of the main reasons why the language ofYuan Zaju was so popular is that a great number of popular and easysayings were used. There are over100,000words altogether in the book of Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong, and many of them are popularsayings which are ignored often in the past research. The thesisgeneralizes the features of popular sayings of Yuankan Zaju SanshiZhong: rich reminder, concise organization, fresh epochal characterand relativity of refine and popular traits. A lot of popular sayings arechosen and explained. Through this research, the importance ofcarrying out the study of popular sayings is revealed. At the sametime, the fact that the study space of popular words of Sanshi Zhongare still large is shown at present and it is well worth making greatefforts for us to study them.The version of Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong is studied in ChapterFour. The version of drama in Yuankan Zaju Sanshi Zhong came intobeing to meet the need of Yuan Zaju and its contents are differentfrom those of the traditional versions.“The version” of Sanshi Zhongincludes some elements such as Shouti, Qishiju, Jingzhenshi as thecharacter“凸”,Ke,Bai,Cipai,Quci,Sanchang,Zheweiwith“XIA”,Zhengming,Weiti. All of these elements are united in the system of theDrama Version but have different qualities, are distributed in differentlayers and connected deeply with each other, which have become theimportant evidences that we study the system of Yuan Zaju further.The styles of “Qishiju” and “Ke” in Sanshizhong are analyzed andfound and all “Ke” pointing to “Zhengmo”.“Ke” is use to remind “Zhengmo” to do something at a certain time. Listing all “Kes”, we cansee them linked with one another orderly as to form “a manual of ashow procedure” that regards the activities of “Zhengmo” as themain line. While the existence of Jingzhengshi with character “凸”also proves this point. Finally, taking the popular Chinese charactersas a reference, we have discussed the spreading track of YuankanZaju Sanshi Zhong and surveyed the position of Pingyang in thedevelopment of Yuan Zaju.The whole thesis is summarized in the conclusion part and thelimitation of the thesis and the study direction in the future arepointed out. |
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