The Study Of Aspectual Auxiliaries And Related Auxiliaries In Changzhi Dialect

Under the Shanxi Jinyu background, this article, based on the Changzhi dialect of aspectual phenomenon in the Jinyu Shangdang part as the research object, on the basis of field investigations and achievements of other researches, is to describe and to analyse the aspectual auxiliaries and related auxiliaries in Changzhi dialect from the synchronic and diachronic aspect. In the synchronic view, this article focuses on comprehensive system description, analyses the grammatical meaning and syntactic distribution of each aspectual auxiliaries and related auxiliaries and pays attention to the collocation of the predicate and aspectual auxiliaries as well as other object complement components to find out the limiting conditions of affecting aspectual expression; in the diachronic view, it does diachronic researches on the aspectual auxiliaries with individual features, but not on the aspectual auxiliaries which have basically the same usage as in the modern Chinese. On this basis, by the comparison between Changzhi dialect and PuTonghua, Changzhi dialect and Shanxi Jin as well as other dialect points, the article reveals the aspectual characteristics of Changzhi dialect, and the research provides important information for Jinyu grammar reference.This thesis has totally five parts, including the introduction, the three main text chapters and the conclusion. The introduction introduces the basis and significance of selected topic as well as the current research status of modern Chinese and dialect aspectuality and makes a brief introduction about the research methods, material sources, Changzhi geographical situation, historical evolution, Changzhi dialect features. Finally, it describes the symbols and investigators information.Chapter one Aspectual category and the aspectual system in Changzhi dialect. Based on achievements of other researches, this part discusses the aspectual definition, system classification and expression means and points out that "Aspect" is the way of the event observed (action, state or phenomenon) in the temporal process. "Modality" reflects the characters of the time of this kind of event and people’s subjective willing. Aspect is divided into the perfective aspect and imperfective aspect. Perfective aspect is divided into achievement aspect and experiential aspect; Imperfective aspect is divided into ingressive aspect, durative aspect and progressive aspect. Modality is divided into momentum decrease modality and informal modality. Aspectual auxiliaries, the reduplication patterns of verbs and modal anxiliaries all belong to the main expressive form of the aspectual category. This part also introduces the relation of tense and aspect. Finally it compiles the aspectual system of Changzhi dialect.Chapter two Changzhi dialect "aspect" system. This chapter investigates the perfective aspect (achievement aspect and experiential aspect) and imperfective aspect(ingressive aspect, realistic aspect, durative aspect and progressive aspect) of Changzhi dialect. In the achievement aspect, we do investigatations from the collocation relations between predicate and achievement aspectual anxiliaries "lao(唠)""la(啦)" "jiang(将) ""shang(上)" and "xia(下)", and analysis the relationship between aspectual auxiliaries and other relevant ones. According to the position and grammatical meaning of "lao(唠) ", the article gives "lao1(唠1)""lao2(唠2)""lao3(唠3)""lao(唠4) ", these four aspectual anxiliaries can be seen as different variants of the same linguistic form. " la(啦)"have the double function of achievement and modal, by comparing the co-occurrence of "lao(唠)" and" la(啦)"as well as the "le(了)"in PuTonghua, it highlights the characteristics of Changzhi dialect "lao(唠)","la(啦)".In the Shanxi Jinyu, the pronunciation of "le1(了1)"and "le2(了 2)"are different, syntactic distribution embodies the consistency of regional and differences of single point. In Changzhi dialect "jiang(将) "is a characteristic word, this paper discusses its synchronic usage in different syntactic position and diachronic evolution. The process of "shang(上)" and"xia(下)" from space to time and the usage of each point in Shanxi Jinyu are basically identical. In experiential aspect, this part analyses the usage of "guo(过) "and "lai(来)", in this paper, we investigate the relationship between experiential aspect "guo2(过2)" and the collocation of different syntactic components, and by comparing with achievement aspect "guo1(过1)""lao1(唠1)", we highlight the characteristics of "guo2(过2)".This paper investigates the characteristics of experiential aspect "lai(来)"form the aspects of sentence patterns and other classes, and comparing with the relevant components, highlights the characteristic of experience and tone of "lai(来)". Ingressive aspect investigate the usage of aspectual anxiliary words "kai(开)"and "jiang(将) ".Durative aspect investigates the usage of "lei2(哩 2)" in the existential sentence even the predicate sentence structure etc and the collocation condition of the predicate with it, at the same time by comparing "lei2(哩2)" and "lao1(唠1) ",we have further theoretical knowledge about the use of the reverse condition. "lei3(哩3)"has both progressive and modal functions, this paper describes and analyses its grammatical meaning and syntactic distribution, and by comparing the "lei2(哩2)" with "lei3(哩3)" as well as "lei3(哩3)"with PuTonghua "ne(呢)", it highlights the characteristics of combination of its posture.Chapter three Changzhi dialect "modality" system. This chapter discusses the "momentum decrease modality" and "informal modality" which reflect the event itself. The momentum decrease modality investigates "yishide(一时子)" and the distribution characteristics and grammatical meaning of reduplication patterns of verbs "vv", and discusses the use restrictions and related forms, it highlights the objective momentum decrease meaning and the speaker’s subjectivity. Informal modality investigates the common form of "ge v (圪)" and "v da (打) " in Changzhi dialect, on the basis of the features in terms of word "ge (圪) " and "da (打) " developed into the constitutive form of expresses the appearance, casual.Conclusion part it generalizes the main content of the article and put forward some ideas on the future research issues related, We profiles the physical appearance of Changzhi dialect aspectual system.