Fluency Research Of Inversion Rule In Implicit Learning

We can not only consciously learn all kinds of skills and knowledge related to adaptation and development, but also can unconsciously acquire knowledge of structural regularities from the external environment. The former belongs to the explicit learning, while the latter belongs to the implicit learning. So far, researchers have shown the existence of implicit learning and have demonstrated its universality. To date, there is increasing empirical evidence supporting that underlying rules can be acquired in implicit learning, but there was no conclusion about how does the rules acquired implicitly expressed. Some research has shown that symmetry could elicit fluency, and other research has shown that inversion rule could be acquired implicitly. Further research is needed to explore whether inversion rule expresses by fleucny.Basing on the inversion rule of Chinese tonal in the present study, rules, chunks and inter-stimulus (ISIs) were used to explore the eliciting of fluency. On the one hand, whether inter-stimulus intervals could elicit fluency was discussed in this study, and to look for the direct evidence of fluency expressing invesion rule. On the other hand, whether ISIs and chunks could affect the fluency elicited by invesion rule was discussed, and to look for the stability of underlying rule eliciting fluency.There are four experiments in the current study. In experiment1, on the basis of research of Jiang et al.(2012), reaction time task was used to further verify directly whether rule of nonlocal dependencies could elicit fluency.The result of Exp.1found that the reaction times were faster for grammatical sequence than for ungrammatical sequence, showing that inversion rule can produce fluency really.In Expeiment2, liking rate task was used to examine whether fluency can be elicited by different ISIs under a condition in which no training phase was provided. The results of Exp.2found that there was no significant difference between grammatical strings and ungrammatical strings, and the results demonstrated that inversion rule could not produce fluency automatically.In experiment3, training-testing task was used to examine the implicit learning effect of rule of nonlocal dependencies, and to explore whether different ISIs affected fluency produced by the inversion rule. The results of Exp.3found that the correct of grammatical judgment was significantly higher than random level, showing that implicit learning occurred; and find that the endorsement rate of grammatical strings is significantly higher than ungrammatical strings, and the endorsement rate of different ISIs is no significant difference in grammatical strings, but the difference is significant in ungrammatical strings, show that inversion rule can elicit fluency, and the fluency produced by rule would not be affected by the ISIs.In experiment4, the variable of chunks was added to examine whether chunks could affect fluency, and to explore which the fluency produced by rule would not be affected by chunks. The results of Exp.4found that reaction times were faster for grammatical sequence than for ungrammatical sequence, but there was no significant difference between the high ACS and low ACS, showing that fluency can express the implicit knowledge again, and the fluency produced by rule would not be affected by chunks.Conclusions of the present study were showed as follow:(1) Inversion rule was acquired implicitly in the implicit learning of invesion rule, and invesion rule was expressed by fluency.(2) Fluency which expresses inversion rule has good stability, and is undisturbed by irrelevant features of ISIs and chunks.(3) The method of eliciting fluency is effective by operating ISIs. Under certain conditions, the shorter ISI can elicit higher fluency.