Huang Tsung-his And Literary Circles In The Early Qing Dynasty

Huang Tsung-his is a famous thinker and writer in late Ming and early Qing. People have been thoroughly studied his thinking. But it’s still a weak part in studing his literature, especially in his prose. This article is surposed to make a deep study into his prose, as well as his status and influence in the literary Circles in the Early Qing Dynasty. Chen Yinque had once said "The more systematic, the more far away from the truth". This article is written in a structure of specialism. The body contains four chapters, each chapter’s main idea is as follows:Chapter 1:the writer plan to put Huang Tsung-his between two periods of history. One period is the time when Huang Tsung-his’s father build an ancestral temple, when Huang Tsung-his had the chance to make acquaintance with a lot of famous people. With such people’help as Qian Qianyi and Xu Qianxue, Huang Tsung-his was so getting forward in his reputation that Wu Renchen eaal named him right after Qian Qianyi. Huang Tsung-his finally obtained his rallying point in the center of the literal world. The other period is the time during which literature of early Qing had developed. It studied the grate achievements of his theory and prose and analyzed his critics against Qian Qianyi in large part. In addition, the influence of family, institution and livelihood is also concerned in this article.Chapter 2:Huang Tsung-his’s epitaphs and biographies is a little bit obscure, which make it valued both in literature and historiography. People spoke highly of his tablet inscription all along. But fault happens. Huang Tsung-his wrote something against the public in his epitaphs and biographies. His master work "Gao Danzhong’ tablet inscription" was queried and questioned by the public the moment it spread. Lv Liuliang was the first one to blame Huang Tsung-his for his changing the facts and slandering friends. Huang Tsung-his fighted back and started a sharp argument between public and private. This argument related to culture and emotion, livelihood and loyalty, and what’s more important, the revaluation to Huang Tsung-his’s epitaphs and biographies.Chapter 3:In the history of early Qing academic, one of the topics that had grabbed particular attention is the estrange between Huang Tsung-his and Lv Liuliang. The current research achievement has tried to explain the cause and noticed that the difference in academic was primary cause. But when it comes to the difference in academic, all that concerns is only the difference between Chengzhu and Luwang, not the argument about Eight-part Essays. This argument about loyalty and Eight-part Essays had sharpened the contradiction between Huang Tsung-his and Lv Liuliang and made an end to their friendship.Chapter 4:Birthday essays is the most popular type of writing in both Ming and Qing. Just as Huang Tsung-his put it’ Ancient Chinese prose is less popular than exordium, exordium is less popular than Birthday essays. But the research achievement contains only a few Birthday essays which weren’t written by adherents of Ming Dynasty. In addition, people still have little knowledge about it’s origins, classifies and types. This article is written to focus on Huang Tsung-his around the topic of his writing type and unfold the importance of Huang Tsung-his’ Birthday essays.