Study On The Government Responsibility And The Countermeasures In Employment Promotion Of The Resource-exhausted Cities

Accompanied by the fact that nature resources, which human being relies on forsurvival and development,is on the brink of draining, the resource-exhaustedcities faces a range of problems on varying degrees,such as creeping of economygrowth, sharp increase of employment pressure, shortage of financial fund,difficulty of residents’ living, ecological environment destruction and so on.Among all the problems, employment problem has significant impact onresidents’ living and social stability.It becomes the bottleneck factor that restrictseconomic transformation of resource-exhausted cities, social development andpolitical stability.This paper used the development of low-carbon economy as era background andHe Gang city as empirical data with the application of relative theories onadministration science, political science and economics comprehensively.According to the outstanding and difficult problems existing in labor employmentof resource-exhausted cities, it discussed government responsibility ofresource-exhausted cities in promoting employment, combining with basic modelsand concrete methods applied in promoting employment in resource-exhaustedcities by developed countries and regions.The research work mainly includes: Firstly, the paper made induction and finishing on relative concepts and basictheories on employment issue of resource-exhausted cities, clarified scientificimplication of the thesis and made research fields clear.It hackled mainviewpoints of relative theories and provided theoretical basis for follow-up studiesin the paper. The research content included: basic connotation of resource-basedcities、development law of resource-based cities、definition of resource-exhaustedcity; the basic implication of employment and unemployment, main types ofunemployment, main viewpoints of employment theory; scientific connotation ofgovernment responsibility, government responsibility in promoting employmentand so on. This article defined basic research fields in this research on the basis oftheoretical research.Taking the theoretical research and analytical framework as the foundation, thispaper analyzed the empirical data of Heilongjiang Hegang (the third batch oftypical resource-exhausted pilot cities under transformation) and then conductedempirical research on the current labor employment status of theresource-exhausted cities in China. Research contents included: firstly, clearlyrevealed the highlight difficult problems of resource-exhausted cities of China arethe unprecedented complexity and arduousness of unemployment problem;exceptionally difficulty of re-employment; plenty of hidden employment dangerswhich affected social stability. Secondly, conducted in-depth analysis on themultiple causes of the above problems: economic transition as the systematicreason; sluggish of economic growth as the internal reason; imbalance inindustrial structure as the deep reason; urban development cycles as the objectivereason; large cardinal and low education as the subjective reason; unsoundness oflabor market as the mechanism reason; lack of entrepreneurial awareness as theconcept reason. Finally, conducted Grey Relational Analysis for the main factorsof affecting the employment problem of resource-exhausted cities and showed:the core problem of cracking the labor employment difficulty is the adjustment of the industrial structure and the resettlement and transfer of the re-employmentlabor; the effective way is that government should perform and undertake theresponsibility positively, and take various policy measures to guide thetransformation and employment promotion of resource-exhausted cities.In order to solve the above problem more efficiently, this paper further studiedsome advanced countries and regions’ main mode and basic methods about thetransformation and employment promotion of resource-exhausted cities. Afterstudying the industrial chain mode of Ruhr in Germany, the technology dominantmode of Houston in United States, the industrial upgrading model of Kyushu inJapan, this paper summarized their respective characteristics and successfulexperience so as to provide some useful insights for the employment problem ofresource-exhausted cities in China. The insights are as follows: governmentshould lead and focus on planning; industrial upgrading and restructuring;financial support to attract investment; development of low-carbon economy,coordination of employment and the environment.In response to the challenges of the source exhaustion city and in order to promotethe employment, the thesis gives resource-exhausted city government in Chinasome countermeasures and suggestions, which aim at promoting employmentprominent contradictions and combine with the experience of the advancedcountries revelation. It includes these measures: the government should improvethe responsibility system of resource-exhausted cities’ promoting employment,actively promote resource-exhausted cities’ government function change andformulate employment priorities’ resource-exhausted city to low carbon economictransformation of the strategic planning. Also, the central government shouldprovide further macroeconomic regulation and control and financial support forresource-exhausted cities to promote employment. At the same time, thegovernment of resource-exhausted cities should implement the active employment policy, guide multiple main bodies to establish the service of public employmentsystem and strengthen and promote employment security system’s construction,etc.The paper research has achieved the following results: The theory elaborates andconstructs the liability system of government in promoting employment; Theempirical researches and scientific methods in this paper analyze the maincontradictions of promoting the employment in resource-exhausted cities; Itprovides the new development thought which combines the background forresource-exhausted cities transformation and promote employment. The results ofthis paper have important theoretical and practical significance. Such as enrichingand developing theory research system of resource-exhausted cities; guidingresource-exhausted cities to promote employment practice; practicing socialistjustice and maintaining social stability, etc.