Research On Marx’s Ecological Ethics Thought

In mid and late 20th century, with the rapid development of industrial civilization, leading to increasingly serious ecological problems, the environmental protection movement gradually rose, and ecological environment problems drew attention from academic scholars. As scholars have tried to have a significant impact in the history of the theory or doctrine of exploration and excavation to the effective ways to solve the problem of contemporary ecological, Marx about the idea of ecological ethics has become the focus. During the 19th century, the ecological issues have initially appeared. Although there is no special study of ecological ethics problem, Marx, as a great thinker, has written theories about the relationship between man and nature, which essence is ecological ethics problems. The study of Marx’s ecological ethics thought gained the earliest attention of western scholars, and the domestic study of Marx’s ecological ethics thought is still not so comprehensive and systematic. Therefore, research and exploration of Marx’s ecological ethics thought is very necessary. In this paper, from the classic works of Marx, the discussion is explored from Marx’s understanding about the relationship between man and nature, and the transformation of the Marx’s ecological ethics thought and development process. This paper falls into 4 parts except the introduction.In the first part, the realistic basis and theories origin of Marx’s ecological ethics are explored and analyzed, which are the historical background Marx’s ecological ethics as well. The paper analyzes the realistic background of Marx’s thought, and expounds the capitalist industrial revolution and capitalist system caused by the ecological environmental damage, also probes into the source of Marx’s theory of ecological ethics thought influenced by western scholars in history, especially the German classical philosophers on the research of the relationship between man and nature.In the second part, the paper elaborately explores the development of Marx’s ecological ethics. In Marx’s classic works and text, the paper combed out the evolution of Marx’s research on the relation between man and nature of problems, from Marx’s doctoral dissertation in infancy etc. The paper elucidates the preliminary understanding of the ethical relationship between man and nature. In the formation stage Marx’s ecological ethics thought, which is marked by "economic and philosophical manuscripts of 1844", Marx discusses the alienation relationship between man and nature and the communist ideology, and in the following works he further expounds the practice. In the deepening stage of Marx’s ecological ethics thought, he criticizes the capitalist society industrial development to the destruction of the ecological environment, and puts forward the concept of natural productive forces and social productive forces, expounds the to a better understanding of the relationship between man and nature, etc.The third part concludes the Marx’s ecological ethics thought content. Interpretation of Marx’s ecological ethics thought content is mainly from the aspects of the view of nature, practice and the social history. The paper first discusses the value of natural and human’s subjectivity. From the analysis of the practice of the humanized nature in detail, the paper illustrates the dialectical relations between man and nature. Secondly, the paper inspects the practice of the important role of internal factors and natural conditions, and in-depth analysis of material transformation relationship between human and nature, and from the dimensions of science and technology of how to build the harmony between man and nature. Finally, this paper expounds the relationship between capitalist system and the ecological crisis, putting forward the concept of harmonious development among nature, human being and the society, realizing the combination of the natural history and human history, and of establishing the communism between naturalism and humanism.In the fourth part, the paper expounds the contemporary value of Marx’s ecological ethics. Through western research on Marx’s ecological ethics, clarifies the recognition and understanding of ecological Marxism towards Marx’s ecological ethics, summarizes the differences between them and deeply comprehends the influences of Marx’s ecological ethics on western society. Furthermore, Marx’s ecological ethics thought sums up and summarizes the development path and theoretical results of Marx’s ecological ethics thoughts in China on the practical use and development in contemporary China. It highlights the theory value and practice value of Marx’s ecological ethics thought on Chinese ecological civilization construction as well as sustainable development and ethics of natural ecological environmental protection, which are raised in new era. The ecological contents are featured in "Five-in-One" strategies, at the same time, the theory of green development, which is proposed by President Xi Jinping is illustrated and demonstrates the theoretical and practical value of Marx’s ecological ethics. Meanwhile, it gives the practical enlightenment for contemporary China’s development, considering the practical environmental issues and reflecting the origins. To dispel the ecological problems, the education and cultivation on ecological protection awareness should be emphasized, guaranteed by the legally construction of ecological ethics in order to realize the merge of ecological ethics theory and practice in the process of ecological civilization construction.This paper aims to explore and summarize the overall perspective of Marx’s ecological ethics. It interprets Marx’s ecological ethics, and confirms its being scientific from the perspective of theory and practice of ecological ethics thought. Marx’s ecological ethics not only provides theoretical source and spiritual motivation for the construction of socialism ecological civilization in our country, but also effective ways to harmonize the relationship between man and nature, and to realize the mutual development of economic development and ecological protection.