Research On New Generation Of Migrant Workers’ Education And Training In The Period Of Economic Transition

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has made great progress, and now has become the second largest economy in the world. Many reasons account for the rapid development of China. In addition to the policy factors, the almost unlimited supplies of the cheap labor, the rich natural resources and the stable social environment have important influence to the fast development. However, with the development of economy the competitive advantage of China is gradually weakening, such as the labor cost rises, the corporate profit declines. The economic transition is imperative. Economic transformation is to update the economic system, to change the economic growth mode, to enhance the economic structure, and to replace the pillar industries. It is a natural process from quantitative to qualitative change occurring in the national economic system and structure. In this process, the strengthening of the labor level is particularly important, especially in the education and training of the new generation of migrant workers.The so-called new generation of migrant workers, who were born and registered in rural areas but work in the cities after they grow up, is the main force of China’s economic development. The quality of this generation determines whether Chinese economic transition and up-grading can be successful largely. However, there are still many problems in the current education and training of the new generation of migrant workers, for example, the scale, the scope and the categories of the training do not meet the social needs. Based on this fundamental reality, this study intends to discuss the specific characteristics. Of the the new generation of migrant workers, and the economic transition including the problems, the harm and the reasons of their education and training. Finally, this thesis gives some countermeasures to improve their education and training.In addition to the introduction, this thesis consists of six chapters:The first chapter introduces the basic situation of the new generation of migrant workers and their main features. Compared with the old generation of migrant workers, the new generation of migrant workers has accepted and been used to the life style in the city, and most of them are not willing to go back to their rural hometown, and hope to live in the city where they work. But the problem facing them is that they are still farmers in the household. They are in the awkward position between the "peasant" and the "citizen", neither fitting into the urban society nor returning to the rural society.The second chapter analyzes the economic transition and the requirements for the education and training of the new generation of migrant workers. The education and training of the new generation of migrant workers is attracting more and more attention in the context of the loss of demographic dividend. The necessary knowledge, skills and abilities usually can be gained through the "learning by doing" form in the time of early economic development. In the context of upgrading the industrial structure, the skills and abilities of the workers need them to gain certain knowledge, which is the foundation of the corresponding ability. At the same time this knowledge can also help the new generation of migrant workers to upgrade their skills and abilities, and this is the most important force which can promote the economic transition.The third chapter introduces the subjects, institutions and categories of the education and training of the new generation of migrant workers. The beneficiaries of the education and training of the new generation of migrant workers are government, enterprises and the new generation of migrant workers themselves. In the principle of obtaining in accordance with interest, the just-told three parties should become the subject of education and training. There are both public and private institutions which educate and train the new generation migrant workers. In the process of the economic transition, the modernization of the machinery and equipment and the management has increased the requirements to workers who are pre-service, in-service and switch to other jobs. Therefore the categories of the education and training of the new generation of migrant workers can be classified into pre-service, in-service and reorientation types of education and training.The fourth chapter analyzes the improvement of the education and training environment of the new generation of migrant workers, the current problems and harm. With the development of economy, science and technology, corporations request to labors is higher than before. The attention to the quality of the new generation of migrant workers by the society is more and more fierce. Government and enterprises also attaches great importance to the training of migrant workers, and especially since twenty-first century, our education and training of the new generation of migrant workers has made remarkable achievements. But at the same time, it should be noted that due to some reasons, there are still many problems in the education and training of the new generation of migrant workers. If these problems are not well resolved, it will affect China’s economic transition inevitably.The fifth chapter analyzes the causes of the problems in education and training of the new generation of migrant workers. Our system doesn’t distinguish the functions of the government, the corporations and the educating and training institutions and the new generation of migant workers clearly. And consequently, the market force is pressed by some uncertain factors in a mature market. Those enterprises don’t bear their share of the burden in the upgrading industry education and training of the new generation migrant workers. And the local governments don’t bear the leading responsibility in the grow industry education and the training of the new generation migrant workers. Chapter Ⅵ absorbs the soul of Coase and Williamson’s theories, takes the reality of our country into account, and gives some countermeasures on resolving the problems of education and training of the new generation migrant workers in the end.