China's Budget System: Change Trajectories And Reform Path

Public finance is not only a political category, but also an economic category. Fiscal budget system, both related tothe political system and the economic system. Fiscal dual attribute determines the dual nature of the fiscal budgetsystem. Thus, the vicissitude and reform of the fiscal budget system deeply related to a major change of national’spolitical, economic, social aspects.Review of fiscal budget system vicissitude path after the founding of new China,especially the vicissitude path of system after the reform and opening up, analyzing how China’s political system,economic system, social ideology and culture influenced the change of the fiscal budget system, finding out arelatively clear context, is conducive to deepen the understand of the deep-seated change on the fiscal budgetsystem in China, sorting out the thinking and path of fiscal development and reform. At the same time, referencingto the evolution of the modern budget system of the developed countries, as well as the interaction between thepolitical system, economic system and social ideology, which could provide meaningful reference for promotingthe reform of fiscal budget system in China. The14th Party Congress explicitly proposed the reform goals of theestablishment of a socialist market economic system; The16th Party Congress clearly proposed to improve thesocialist market economic system. On the background of the big change of the economic system, from the taxsystem reform in1994, the changes of the fiscal budget system had been driven into the fast lane. In1998, the statehad established strategic objectives of public fiscal system framework which adapt to the socialist marketeconomic system. Subsequently, the fiscal budget reform gradually was advanced the reform of the expenditureside such as the budget management system reform, especially with the gradual transformation of governmentfunctions and the gradual deepening of public budget in the new century, the areas of the fiscal budget system wasnot limited to economic aspects but also spread gradually to the political aspects, which will provide a newimpetus and vitality for the improvement of the socialist market economic system and the construction of socialistdemocratic politics. Fiscal budget system should play a role in historical process, an important breakthrough is thegradual implementation of the citizens’ right to know, the right of supervision and the right to participate, anddecision-making power by deepening open budget, and pushing the budget of the democratic system when theconditions are ripe, fiscal budget system should play an important role in promoting the development of country’seconomy, politics, society and culture.The full text is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is the introduction, puts forward the significance of thetopic, research scope, main line and the structure arrangement, and introduces the theoretical analysis and the mainliterature in this paper; the second chapter, analyses the fiscal budget institutional vicissitude path and contextunder the planned economy era with substantial evidence, mainly focusing on the establishment of the system afterthe founding of the PRC as well as the features and evolution in different historical stages of system.The thirdchapter combining substantial evidence to the reform and open policy background, mainly analyzing the characteristics of fiscal budget institution change after establishing goal of the reform of market economic system.In the second chapter and the third chapter, it examines the interaction between the political system, economicsystem, ideology, culture, ideas and fiscal budget institutional change, and draw a qualitative conclusion. Thefourth chapter focuses on the budget system vicissitude process and achievements of Britain and the United States,combine the national conditions of our country, also make a comparative analysis and judgment, refined forreference experience and institutional arrangement. The fifth chapter combining the reform process, as well as thetarget, current problems and constraint conditions, through the analysis, pointed out that promoting democraticbudget is an important breakthrough to current financial budget system reform, played an important role both forthe budget system construction itself, or the national political, economic, social, and cultural construction.