A Study Of The Designation And Practical Operation Of China Cities’ Housing Ensuring Systems

The right of residence is the basic right of citizens. It is the obligation of thegovernment to establish a perfect housing ensuring system and make certain mediationto the housing market. The government should take it as its historical mission to defendthe citizen’s right, social equality and justice. In1998, China initiated its comprehensivereform about the housing system; market resources were rationally distributed as afundamental function. Since then, the house construction has been propelled drasticallyand the effect of the rational disposition of market resources was presented remarkablyas well. In the meantime, the government began to take a series of relevant policies andgradually established the city housing ensuring system, including the cheap-renthousing, low-price housing, and public-rent housing systems. However, housingproblems for poor families still remain unsolved, as the government used to pay muchattention to the market. In this context, it becomes necessary that the government shouldadjust the relationships between government and market, equality and effectiveness andstrengthen its redistribution of the housing resources in order to better the housingensuring systems to meet the housing needs at different levels and to realize the housingequality.In2007, the seventeenth conference of the Communist Party of China (CPC) set“Each family owns its house” as the target of the reform of the housing system. In2012,the eighteenth conference of CPC proposed to establish a balanced system composed ofmarket distribution and government mediation. To meet this new requirement, a“two-leg walk” mode must be taken. In other words, we must maintain the policy thatthe housing market distributes the relevant resources, and at the same time, thegovernment should carry out some adjustment. During this process, the socialist market economic principles must be obeyed. This new mode is the direction of the reform ofChina’s city housing ensuring systems in the future. To reach this goal, it is essential tostart with the designation of housing ensuring systems, restudying the current housingensuring systems in China and setting up a housing ensuring system that matches to thedynamic social reality of China. Therefore, problems of poor families could be handled,a harmonious society could be established much earlier and social justice and equalitycould be realized soon.Taking a combined method of theoretical analysis and experimental study, thispaper will discover some revelation and enlightenment of theoretical and practicalsignificance by referring to successful experience on the housing ensuring system ofdeveloped countries and regions. By taking Nantong as the research target, this essaywill also explore the historical development of the dynamic process of the housingensuring systems including their designation and practical operation. The purpose is tofind a basic problem that will occur during the designation of the housing ensuringsystems in the cities which are so rapidly urbanized like Nantong. The study abovepointed out numerous serious problems in the current housing ensuring system, such asthe retard establishment of laws, the absence of government regulation, no long-termplans, some vague targets and concepts, the narrow avenue of funds, and no completesystem of supervision and control.The designation of the city housing ensuring systems is a systematic project. Inorder to make the mechanism more effective, the law construction should be firstlyconsidered and the resident right of the citizens should be clarified, some housingensuring responsibilities should be taken by government and some supervisionmechanism should be completed. Consequently, legal safeguard can be provided to thehousing ensure. Additionally, the local government play the pivotal role in deciding thetarget option based on current situations, such as their own individual developing period,house needs, their ensuring levels, the objects, their position and their own ensuringmodes.The designation of the city housing ensuring systems mainly consists of thefollowing five aspects: construction design, land supply, construction monetary merge, house supply, and entrance and withdraw. In practical operation, the centralizedconstruction and separating layout of house building should be taken into consideration.Also, when designing the house patterns or styles, the elements of the cost and residentrequirements should be considered. In area of land supply, the site should be chosenadjacent to transportation centers, for making the land resources utilized and disposedmuch more effectively. Establishing the system of monetary merge should takeconsideration of the cases of other countries so as to match the situation of our owncountry. A housing supply system should be gradually set up that the modes of low-renthousing and public-rent housing together function as the leading roles. Additionally, thelow-price housing and limit-price housing should be transformed into the mode ofsharing the property right. An auditor system should be built based on the personalindividual credibility for the improvement of the mechanism of entrance and withdraw.