Preparation Of Carbon Based Solid Acid And Its Catalytic Performance For Deacidification Of High Acid Value Oil

Carbon based solid acid as a new type of environmentally friendly acid catalysthas a wide application prospect in many chemical reactions. In light of the greatstrategic and realistic significance of biodiesel production by high acid value oil andthe serious high acid value problem in the production process. In this paper, biomasscarbon-based solid acid and mesoporous carbon based solid acid were preparedrespectively, and the basic research were carried out on the catalytic deacidification ofhigh acid value oil using carbon-based solid acid catalysts.First of all, using bagasse residue by hydrothermal treatment under dilute acid asraw material, biomass carbon based solid acid catalysts were prepared throughcarbonization followed by sulfonation. The effects of preparation conditions for thebagasse residue carbon based solid acid by dilute acid hydrothermal treatmenton itsstructure, surface acidity and catalytic deacidification performance were systematicstudied. The results show that, the biomass carbonbased solid acid contains sulfonicacid, carboxylic and phenolic hydroxyl and other active groups on its surface. Theframework of the catalyst was determined by carbonization, and the frameworkstructure directly affects the surface strong acid density and catalytic deacidificationperformance. Insufficient carbonization will make framework structure of the catalystunstable, and excessive charring is resulting in a sharp decline in strong acid densityand catalytic activity.The synthesis of mesoporous carbon based solid acid catalyst with regular porestructure and its catalytic deacidification application were studied. The novel SBA-15molecular sieve with mesoporous and large mesoporous double pore size distributionwas prepared. The ordered mesoporous carbon materials were prepared by nanocastingusing SBA-15as the template and glycerol solution of glucose as the carbon precursor.By sulfonation of mesoporous carbon modification, ordered mesoporous carbon basedsolid acid catalysts were prepared successfully. Research shows that, the mesoporousand large mesoporous two pore size distribution of SBA-15molecular sieve is in favorof carbon precursors impregnated into the pores quickly. The use of mixed carbonprecursor can improve the integrity of the nanocasting process. Carbonizationtemperature and sulfonation temperature is the key factor to influence the pore structure of mesoporous carbon based solid acid. Under the carbonization temperature600℃and sulfonation temperature of160℃, theprepared mesoporous carbon based solid acidhas the advantages of uniform mesoporous pore structure, high surface strong acid.In this paper, the catalytic deacidification activities of biomass carbon based solidacid, mesoporous carbon based solid acid and strong acid ion exchange resin acid werecompared. The results show that, the catalytic activity of the carbon based solid acidcatalyst is much higher than the strong acid cation exchange resin. Among them, thecatalytic performance of mesoporous carbon based solid acid is the best especially.After reaction for3h, the acid value of the feedstock oil can be reduced to about1mgKOH/g, and the free fatty acid conversion reached94.6%. The excellent catalyticdeacidification performance of the mesoporous carbonbased solid acid can be attributeto its balanced surface strong acid density and mesoporous pore structure.