Study On Urban Forest Landscape Pattern Based On Multiple Date Sources In Xiamen

City is a natural, economic，social complex systems with the transformation of humanbeings and the natural process of adaptation，along with the development of human civilizationand progress up. In the process of urbanization，urban land use is undergoing significantchange，it brings the urban landscape pattern change on urban ecosystems profound impact，but also exerting a profound impact on the urban forest which maintaining the ecologicalbalance in urban ecosystems subject. Scientific and reasonable evaluation and construction ofurban forests，to the effective improvement of urban ecological environment and promotesustainable development has important theoretical and practical significance.Xiamen is one of the fastest growing regions in the process of rapid expansion in China’surbanization，the landscape ecological problems in the development of China’s urbanizationprocess is also very typical and representative. Xiamen city was selected as the research area ofthe paper. Quickbird satellite images in2009and the TM images in1995，2000and2008，combined with fundamental geographic information（1:10000）in2008，were used to explorethe landscape pattern of urban forest in Xiamen city on two research scales，including Xiamenarea and Xiamen Island. On Xiamen area scale，the ecological impact that the changing of landuse/land cover and forest land on xiamen city to landscape pattern，urban heat island effect andsustainable development state were analyzed，the necessity in ecological construction andexpanding green space from the perspective of sustainable development of xiamen city in theprocess of urbanization as well. For hotspots----Xiamen Island，the fundamental data of urbanforest was built based on tree-canopy cover derived from the Quickbird satellite images. Basedon the classification on canopy cover functional and area which according to the urban forestcanopy cover basic data，the canopy covered landscape pattern, gradient，potential canopycover and the spatial distribution of the heat island effect relationship were studied，as well ashow to expand ecological space through the potential. Finally，optimization construction countermeasures and Suggestions to the urban forest construction in Xiamen were put forward.The results showed：Xiamen city landscape pattern formation，spatial distribution and type of differentiationand the natural environment of regional differentiation was closely related to topographicaldifferences determine the Xiamen city landscape spatial pattern of large-scale basic framework，and rapid urbanization had led to Xiamen city landscape structure undergone significantchanges. From1995to2008，the rapid increase in the area of construction land and agriculturalland made a significant reduction from the original Xiamen city landscape dominated byagricultural land to construction land gradually transformed into a mainly urban landscape.Landscape pattern changed mainly as a large number of agricultural land into construction land.Xiamen urbanization had reached a certain level，urban construction presents to the core of theisland landscape，multi-center，was a typical urban landscape. Urbanization with the rapidincrease of construction land resulted the increasing of landscape fragmentation degree anddiversity index in Xiamen city.Xiamen woodland resources were abundant，but in the geographical space unevenlydistributed，89.9%of the forest resources were concentrated in the north and northwesternmountains. Urban areas and the plains area of woodland woodland Xiamen only10.01%of thetotal area of the city regional forest resources was clearly insufficient. Affected by rapidurbanization, Xiamen city，woodland area decreased，overall forest cover decreased slowly,forest fragmentation increases，reducing the landscape immunity. Woodland area reduction wasmainly due to urban sprawl into the forest land for construction，forest ecosystems，there was acertain degree of functional degradation. Accelerate the progress of urbanization，reclaimedforestland area continued to increase，forest resources in Xiamen city there is a big uncertaintyin the future.Xiamen city, the per capita ecological footprint and ecological capacity per capitadeclining，but still Xiamen ecological needed its own supply capacity of ecosystems to seventimes, Xiamen city, the rapid economic development, rapid population growth and land use structure adjustment resulted in the decline in the ecological carrying capacity of Xiamen cityin ecological unsustainable state. From the perspective of sustainable development，Xiamencity must urbanization process of ecological construction through the great efforts to expandgreen space, improve ecological capacity, promote sustainable development.Enhanced thermal field was the main characteristics in Xiamen city，Xiamen Island andthe Gulf region were the most serious heat island effect region. The main types of thermal fieldwere medium heat island and strong UHI based. Vegetation coverage reduction and highvegetation coverage ecological land area decreased was the main factor which led to the heatisland effect enhancing. Increase urban greening efforts to increase vegetation cover andimprove the quality of green spaces，was an effective measure to mitigate the heat island effect.Xiamen Island urban forest canopy coverage was25.71%, at a high level. Extra-sized patchwhich larger than1hm2was mostly composed of tree canopy cover area，and mainly number tothe tree canopy cover wrer small and medium sized patch which sized0.01~0.05hm2，canopy covered roads and residential with high degree of fragmentation，parks crown coverwhich being the least number of patches but the largest coverage area，was the dominant role inmaintenance on quality of urban ecological environment in Xiamen Island. Xiamen Island hadsome growth potential crown cover，the technical level of the potential crown cover was up to27.99%. Potential canopy covered with small patches dominated by which to increase the roadcovering the largest number of potential patch. Roadside tree canopy covere which withrelatively high fragmentation degree, will be the greatest potential for the formation ofcontinuous coverage in the future.Xiamen Island urban forest canopy covered landscape pattern formation, distribution，andtype of differentiation and the natural environment and the regional differentiation was closelyrelated to the concept of urban forest construction, resulting in urban forest canopy coverregional differences in the spatial distribution of extremely prominent. Xiamen Island Parkcanopy covered primarily by the process of urbanization preserved transformation frommountain forests was the mainly contribution type for maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem services in Xiamen Island landscape. Canopy covered landscape diversity andfractal dimension index was lower，the naturalness and the complexity of the urban forest wasnot enough. Urban forest distribution had obvious gradient in the city’s north-south axis，showing a mean patch area decreases degree of fragmentation trend of gradually increasing.Gradient variation on the one hand reflected that good natural protection and utilizationmeasures was taked to the mountain forest which located on the south side of Xiamen Island. Italso reflected that the construction model of urban forest was a“must attack”constructionmethod under the shortage of land in the city of Xiamen，so the size of urban forest patch wassmaller and fragmented，be short of large-scale urban forest. It severely restricted ecologicalenvironment improvement and ecological service function in the urban centers. Park canopycover to form a good park green space as the center，with low-temperature trough, roadresidential canopy cover and grass in green island areas of the cooling effect was significantlyless distribution. Although all plants had cooling and humidification，slowing eco-efficiencyheat island effect, but the smaller sized and higher fragmented patch，with low vegetation covergreen alleviate the urban heat island effect was limited，only the larger green patch couldeffectively reduce the heat island effect. Urban forest construction in the future，we Shouldstick to find land to build green and creat more green from tree canopy crown，to built largerarea of urban forest patches in the city center and the northern regions combined with properplanning and construction of urban renewal，and efforts to improve the urban forest vegetationcover, increase the amount of green.With the advancement of urbanization of xiamen city landscape pattern and urban forestlandscape pattern has a certain influence，along with gulf-type city constant expansion of urbanconstruction，urbanization will be more profoundly affects the ecological environment ofxiamen city. Research on urban forest landscape pattern will be important theoretical andpractical significance to the scientific construction of urban forest in Xiamen city in the future.