Research And Experiment Of Self-propelled Variable Irrigation System Based On Infrared Thermography

North China Plain has little precipitation and more evaporation in spring which makes the winter wheat prone to have water deficit. In particular, the North China Plain itself has a serious water shortage problem, the traditional flood irrigation method is a waste of valuable water resources, and therefore this region should develop an efficient water-saving agriculture. Although large-scale irrigation machinery is better for saving water and energy, but the not unified North China Plain arable land, more dispersed water management, only small arable land for family workshops, much expensive large-scale irrigation equipment, long time no machine for irrigation in this region, all of these factors make the big machine promotion full of difficult, therefore light and small-scaled machine are more suitable for the local status. The irrigation machinery is capable of operating at improving irrigation efficiency, reducing the irrigation labor force and saving water resources. This paper presents self-propelled real-time variable irrigation machinery, fitted with reel machines to complete precision irrigation in small rectangular plots. Before irrigation, the machine use remote controlled DC motor as a power source for irrigation vehicle, pulling out the PE hose of the reel machine; During irrigation, pressured water rotate the water-driven turbine to wind up the PE hose recycling the irrigation vehicle. By using of irrigation map and control system to realize a real time variable irrigation in the winter wheat field, with PE hose pulling in and out to complete the irrigation task during machine walking. The development of self-propelled variable irrigation machines is capable of improving irrigation efficiency, saving water and energy. This paper completed the following tasks:1. Completed the design of self-propelled real-time variable irrigation machine, the machine is compact and flexible and can be used for small plots of crops in the North China Plain for irrigation operations which achieved a small plot irrigation mechanization. Test the irrigation machine performance and obtain its flow characteristics at different pressures which can be achieved uniform irrigation within the depth range of10mm-80mm, meet the requirements of the irrigation water intensity of winter wheat. The PE reel runs with an constant speed and the coefficient of Christiansen along the main pipe is98.91%. Irrigation depth can be achieved by adjusting inlet pressure and travel speed. Only one person is needed to operate the irrigation machinery which reduce the labor intensity and improve irrigation efficiency.2. Using VB language to write an GPS-based real-time variable irrigation control system program, designing a microcomputer control system circuit by Protel software, firing a single-chip control procedures, printing the controller circuit board and completing the entire control system hardware and software design. Through man-machine interface, design irrigation prescription map based on soil moisture information, control solenoid valve switch on and off to complete real-time variable irrigation according to different water demand in corresponding positions.3. Two winter wheat growing season during2011-2012and2012-2013to conduct irrigation trials of winter wheat field in China Agricultural University Experimental Station of Hebei Wuqiao, respectively, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, no irrigation and mechanical irrigation methods were compared in the experimental study to verify the feasibility of self-propelled variable irrigation machine. Overall, through the rational design of irrigation schemes and use of irrigation machine is able to ensure the growth of winter wheat yield, constituted yield factors, plant height, ear length, biomass and harvest index remained at normal levels, irrigation machine is better than flood irrigation and sprinkler irrigation in his region, and can achieve similar effect with drip irrigation when irrigate similar amount of water, but the yield is increased3.25%, WUE is increased10.1%.4. The way of using infrared cameras to get CWSI are more efficient method, cooperate with BP neural network to predict yield of winter wheat will enhance the forecast accuracy, compared to traditional non-linear regression prediction model, this combination can predict higher accuracy and gain better results. Production and CWSI have strong negative correlation, which verify the same results with the previous findings.This paper develops a new type of self-propelled real-time variable irrigation machine, which can reduce labor intensity and improve irrigation work efficiency, promote the development of irrigated agriculture mechanization. By optimizing crop cultivation and irrigation patterns based on the machine is easy to realize energy and water conservation, promote agricultural agronomic technology integration, achieve win-win situation of lower energy consumption and high crop yield and efficiency.