| Since1997, with the decrease of transgenic insect resistant cotton planting and insecticide usage, the secondary pests of sucking Hemiptera insects gradually increased as the main pests, cotton insects of Hemiptera-Heteroptera play an important role in cotton field. Thus, research on cotton Hemiptera insects has important significance in cotton production, human life and environmental protection. In four years, the author collected and obtained more than20,000specimens (include dried and Alcohol specimens) with our workgroup members in large range of cotton and cotton surrounding.A brief account of cotton hemipteran research history in this paper and the morphological characteristics of cotton is species were summarized; part of the species were bred to observe its biological characteristics; geographic analysis was preliminarily summarized on the cotton distribution. And also a comparison of mitochondrial genome study of partial Miridae insects and a diversity analysis of mitochondrial genome structure were included in this research.In the study of biodiversity of cotton heteropteran insects:147species in89genera of16families from cotton heteropteran are revised, including74species in44genera of10families of nature enemies and73species in45genera of10families of pests.1new record subfamily of natural enemies,1new record genera and6new record species;1new record family of cotton pests,2new record subfamily,10new record genera and17new record species. Keys to the families, subfamilies, tribes, genera and species are provided. For all species were given a citation and description, and ranged the specimen records of geographical distribution. This paper contributes to the understanding of cotton heteropteran insects diversity and status, but also provides an important reference for the identification and prevention.In order to better understand the diversity and evolution of mirids, enrich the Hemiptera mitochondrial genome data. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genomes of six Miridae species in detailed comparative analysis of this study. Three released plant bugs had been added, so nine kinds of plant bugs in comparative analysis of mitogenome. So far, this is the first study to mirid mitochondrial genome. Finally, taxonomic position of Miridae and the phylogenetic relationship of Cimicomorphan insects based on the complete mitochondrial genomes of Cimicomorphan insects from GenBank are reconstructed. The results show as follow:(1) The complete mitochondrial genomes of nine Miridae species are all covalently closed circular moleculer, the gene sequence have identical gene order with Drosophila yakuba. Gene content, gene arrangement, base composition and sequence of DmTTF binding site of mitochondrial genomes were conserved in plant bugs. Intra-genus species shared more conserved genomic characteristics, such as nucleotide, anticodon mutations of tRNAs, non-coding sequences and so on.(2) Control region possessed several distinct characteristics, including:variable size, abundant tandem repetition, and intra-genus conservation; and was useful in evolutionary and population genetic studies.(3) The AGG codon reassignments were investigated between serine and lysine in the genera Adelphocoris and other cimicomorphans. Our analysis revealed correlated evolution between reassignments of the AGG codon and specific point mutations at the antidocons of tRNALys and tRNASer (AGN)(4) Five assassin bugs (Reduviidae) were monophyletic, so were six damsel bugs (Nabidae) and nine plant bugs (Miridae); Miroidea (Miridae+Tingidae) were monophyletic; Reduviidae was the sister-group to Anthocoridae and Nabidae, rather than the sisiter group to the remaining cimicomorphan families; and in the family Miridae, eight plant bugs from the subfamily Mirinae was monophyletic, so were the tribe Mirini.(5) Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the finding of the AGG codon reassignments between serine and lysine was important, and indicated the parallel evolution of the genetic code in Hemiptera mitochondrial genomes. |
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