Sanjiangyuan Ecological Migration Zone

According to the report of Eighteenth CPC National Congress, the ecological civilization concerns the relationship between the people’s well-being, national future long-term strategy. Sanjiangyuan area relates to the9provinces along the Yellow River98counties in11provinces and122counties, and the middle and lower reaches of the lancang river and the Yangtze river’s water security, and so became known as "Chinese water tower". Cause Yellow River blocks the flow of the river basin in19973million tons of grain production, and industrial aspects of the loss of agricultural losses of more than10times. Source area ecological value of more than10trillion. According to the source area of the development of the vision, keep the target of133700, there are nearly370000people to immigration, more than six times the issue of immigration. The study summarizes the experience and lessons of the pros and cons, for future more immigrants moving elsewhere; Three-river source area is the deepest degree and most national poverty, is also the most difficult areas for poverty alleviation, and as a result, ecological migration in the region to do systematic research, in terms of ecological civilization construction and the rich is of great significance.Through Inner Mongolia, ningxia, xinjiang and other ethnic minority areas implementing ecological immigration and the three gorges immigrant resettlement of empirical research, combined with the Sanjiang Yuan area in the issue of immigration, such as the overall relocation, employment difficulty, the subsequent development is insufficient, lack market factors "one size fits all" type of immigration issues, put forward the human capital settlement way of thinking of guiding type, expanding the scope of the resettlement, the migration patterns of existing government driven, focused on the quality of immigrants, rather than the quantity.In the immigrant income field, balance of the before and after the relocation of83ecological immigration, field survey after the relocation cost of living increase, urban consumption rising, the gap between rich and poor widening, the loan is difficult, to solve these problems, put forward to enhance immigration efforts in training, education, pay attention to two or three generations immigration compensation mode innovation, increase wage income, to speed up production speed, to expand revenue sources.In the industry transformation aspect, the Sanjiang Yuan area rich in natural resources, but the national ecological function zoning and alpine hypoxia restriction and influence, such as climate, pollution and soil and water disaffected enterprises shut down production, quantity, size has shrunk, modern service industry especially financial industry, the architecture is not complete, lack of joint-stock Banks and foreign Banks, policy Banks and rural credit cooperatives is given priority to, in a closed state of monopoly and competition and service lags behind, immigration deposit and high cost. Good use is Chinese caterpillar fungus, their income in total income the proportion is increasing, generally reached30%-70%, industry is second to the livestock industry characteristics.In the resource environment aspect, according to archaeological discoveries, as early as10000to50000in old Stone Age, ancient human activities in the Sanjiang Yuan area, the Tibetan is the original native inhabitants. Herders moved from generations of living grasslands to urban life, housing and fees are provided by the government, but lost the production data of migrants, different levels of living standards declined. According to the ecological environment of the externality theory, unsustainable government compensation, therefore, strengthen the horizontal market compensation, especially the compensation is obtained by carbon trading, and used for ecological construction and improvement of people’s life, it is a feasible choice.Adapted to China’s economic and social development stage, ecological migration settlement of urbanization trend. For residents, as a decline in the cost of living, education, transportation improved utilization of public resources, and are beneficial to the population of the space layout and the matching of the economic structure, and self development provides a good platform for immigrants. Based on source area in the urban development present situation and the ecological emigration in many production and living problems, analysis of both the inner mechanism of the benign development, put forward the development strategy of ecological migration based on urbanization.Ecological immigration involves political, economic, social, ecological and other disciplines, which is a very huge system engineering, and social resources, economic resources, to the process of the integration of human resources, environment resources, research and summing up the experience of the immigrant can provide reference for future research on immigration.