Research On Algorithm Of Spatial Spectrum Estimation Using Acoustic Vector Sensor

The Acoustic Vector Sensor (AVS) can measure both pressure and particle velocity ofacoustic field at a point in space，which provides a new technique for underwater targetdetection, location and identification. In recent year, AVS signal processing has been drawnmuch attention. Compared with conventional Pressure Sensor Array (PSA) signal processingalgorithm, the Single Acoustic Vector Sensor (SAVS) can achieve Direction-of-Arrive (DOA)estimation for object, the better performance can be obtained from aspects of sourcesdetecting and parameter estimating based on the Acoustic Vector Sensor Array (AVSA) signalprocessing algorithm also be better. With the MUSIC, ESPRIT algorithms explanted to theAVSA signal processing, the spatial spectrum estimation technique based on the pressure-velocity combined processing using AVSA has been accepted widely. Combining theconventional array processing technique, the thesis makes use of the information exportingfrom AVS to research mainly three parts. They focus on the problems such as high resolutionDOA estimation using the single/duality AVS, sources number estimation, high resolutionDOA estimation and array calibration using the AVSA.The DOA estimation using SAVS is always an important topic in acoustic signalprocessing field. The paper first debates the performance of Bartlett, Capon and MUSICalgorithms based on the SAVS. In allusion to MUSIC algorithm, the paper investigates thestatistical character and performance boundary of DOA estimation particularly, analyses theinfluence on algorithm caused by intensity and phase error, meanwhile a novel approach usingchannels power unitary is proposed to eliminate the influence leading by intensity error. Thevalidity of the approach is validated through theoretic analysis, numeric simulation and lakeexperiment data processing. In allusion to small-size AVSA, the thesis also propose a MUSICalgorithm combined the principle of spatial smoothing for coherent sources resolution, whichis only depended on duality AVSA.The foreknowing of source number is the precondition for high resolution DOAestimation. After the paper introduces some classical source number estimation approach suchas AIC, MDL, GDE and CCT algorithm, three novel approaches for source number estimationare proposed (VCCT) combining pressure-velocity combined processing with CCT algorithm.The result of simulation indicates that, comparing with CCT algorithm using PSA, VCCTalgorithm using VASA evidently increases the upper limit of source number estimation.Further more, the performance of VCCT algorithm also has robustness when the source at different location in space.The high resolution DOA estimation using AVSA has more quantity in operation andmore complicated in application than PSA. In allusion to this problem, the paper proposed anew high resolution DOA estimation algorithm using AVSA based on the principle ofsubspace fitting (VSSF). The performance of proposed measure is closer to the MUSICalgorithm and better than ESPRIT algorithm. But the computation of operation is about halfof MUSIC algorithm’s. The VSSF algorithm is also explanted to the beam field and widebandfield. Meanwhile the paper produces the BVSSF algorithm, WIVSSF algorithm and WFVSSFalgorithm. The results of simulation indicates that, the BVSSF algorithm has the higherresolution in despite of reducing the upper limit of source number. The WIVSSF algorithmcan distinguish the incoherent sources and WIVSSF algorithm can distinguish the coherentsources.A novel approach for array calibration using the AVSA is proposed because theperformance of VSSF algorithm is depraved when array location exist error. The proposedapproach makes use of DOA estimation of disjoint source by MUSIC algorithm based onSAVS, and constitutes the equation groups to calculate the error matrix. Simulation resultindicates that, the approach, only depending on two disjoint sources, is proved to be valid forarray calibration, and its precision is more one order of magnitude than the literatureapproach.