The Microstructure Classification,Color Alteration And Modification Of Tourmaline

Tourmaline is a kind of natural mineral with special crystal structure,and contains a variety of trace elements which friendly to human body.It widely used in many aspects such as ecological and environmental protection,air purification water quality,health care,cosmetics,textile fiber,coating materials and acoustoelectric materials owning to its fine features such as spontaneous polarization,piezoelectric and pyroelectric property,infrared radiation,produce anion.color tourmalines are the more superior gemstone raw materials.But most natural tourmaline is deeper color,which limits its application in various fields.As a result,the changing color of natural tourmaline modified is particularly important.In this paper,new ideas and new methods of chemical change color modification of tourmaline such as hydrothermal method,molten salt method were powdered to achieve the tourmaline color control?whitening,red,etc.?.Innovative ways of natural healing the crack in natural tourmaline using the in-situ growth of the crystal,to enhance pyroelectric property,enhance the ability of the release of negative ions.1. The classification of crystal chemistry and properties of tourmalineDiscuss tourmaline system for classification Combining tourmaline chemical composition,lattice parameters,crystal structure.Firstly,deriving all crystal data of tourmaline from ICSD?The Inorganic Crystal Structure Database?,using Diamond or Atom software to draw its crystal structure.From the tourmaline's chemical composition and crystal structure of basic research,in.depth discussion of the crystal chemical formula XY₃Z₆Si₆O₁₈?BO₃?₃W₄,X?Y?Z?W crystallographic positions structure characteristics and quality with the substitution rules.According to its various and complicated structure,this paper expounds the feasibility of tourmaline microstructure classification based on the statistical analysis and microstructure change rules.?1?Classification according to the chemical composition:The tourmaline is classified from the different atoms or ions on the sites of X,Y,Z,W.?2?classification according to the crystal cell parameters:The tourmaline can be divided into two kinds:tourmaline and variety tourmaline according to different crystal system.?3?Classification according to crystal structure:Tourmaline can be classified from X cationic,silicon oxygen tetrahedron six.member ring,and octahedron.according to the structure of the clusters.?4?Tourmaline can be divided into positive six.member ring,nearly positive six.member ring,complex tripartite ring according to the adjustment degree of silicon oxygen tetrahedron six.member ring.?5?The relation between crystal parameters and chemical compositionCationic radius size bigger influence on the crystal cell parameters,a₀?Schorl?>?6?Clusters structure change rulesX cation,silicon oxygen tetrahedron six square ring and Y trioctahedron form clusters structure,Z octahedron frame structure.Clusters embedded into Z octahedron frame structure formed tourmaline structure.2.Tourmaline color alteration and modification researchIron is one of the important elements in tourmaline crystal structure affecting its physical and chemical performance.Iron valence state,content and its distribution has significant effect on the structure of tourmaline and electric dipole moment.This can reveal the mechanism of heat release performance of tourmaline.?1?Whitening analysis of acid hydrothermal methodBy hydrothermal reaction,hydrochloric acid,nitric acid and sulfuric acid can dissolve the iron ions in Tourmaline,the tourmaline whiteness by the hydrochloric acid was 40.86,The capacity of the iron ion dissolvement from tourmaline by hydrochloric acid is affected by temperature and hydrochloric acid.?2?Tourmaline Reddened by molten salt methodLithium chloride molten salt can make tourmaline get the best"reddened"effection at the temperature of 600?,the lightness L*was 33.83,"red"level a*value was 11.14.Tourmaline changing color,especially molten salt method to redden,obtains a significant economic value and potential benefits.3.Hydrothermal growth process and properties of ultrafine tourmaline single crystalsDuring recrystallization ultrafine tourmaline growth,this paper concluded that in alkali:tourmaline=1:2,above 150?,the most conducive to the crystal growth,hydrothermal method treatment of tourmaline has a more complete crystal geometry shape,a long column,the heat release performance has obtained certain to improve.Tourmaline itself has a certain effect on purifying HCHO.The HCHO concentration of unprocessed tourmaline and processed tourmaline were 63.9%and 75.6%.Hydrothermal method improve the removal rate of formaldehyde,has a certain degree of improvement of tourmaline pyroelectric.The result can promote the development and application of tourmaline,improve the added value of valuable related products.