Research On Sustainable Development Assessment Of Heavy Polluted Industrial Enterprises

With the development of China's industrialization and urbanization,industrial pollution,which is seen as an additional outcome,has gradually become a main obstruction of restricting the sustainable development of industries,enterprises and even our country.Among different industrial sectors,the heavy polluted industries and enterprises cause the most severe pollution emissions,accounting for almost 50-90%of the total industrial pollution load.Therefore,they must change the original development patterns at the expense of sacrificing environment into sustainable development,in order to realize the harmonious development of environment,economy and society.Thus,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to conduct the research on sustainable development assessment(SDA)of heavy polluted industrial enterprises.Based on a summary of the related research on sustainable development in China and abroad,this thesis constructed a sustainable development assessment indicator system and comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the sustainable development level and potential of heavy polluted industrial enterprises from environmental,energy,technical,economic and social dimensions,and used different enterprises of the magnesia refractory industry as case studies to conduct the practical application of the indicator system,so as to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for promoting sustainabe development of the industry.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Proposing the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)based environmental impact assessment indicators in SDA of heavy polluted industrial enterprises.The LCA method and its indicators were introduced into the environmental impact assessment and SDA of heavy polluted industrial enterprises,using Abiotic Depletion Potential,Global Warming Potential,Acidification Potential,Eutrophication Potential,Ozone Layer Depletion Potential,Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential,Human Toxicity Potential,Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential,Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential and Terrestric Ecotoxicity Potential in the LCA method to assess the environmental impacts of the heavy polluted industrial enterprises.Four different processes of fused magnesia production in the magnesia refractory industry were compared as case studies to validate the method and the indicators.The results indicate that compared with the conventional single resource and energy consumption,pollution emmission indicators in the existed SDA studies,the LCA method and its indicators have advantages in the aspect of environmental impact assessment,which can analyze the environmental impacts of heavy polluted industrial enterprises more scientificly and comprehensively,as well as avoid the environment impact transfer problems in different life cycle stages.(2)Constructing a sustainable development assessment indicator system(SDAIS)of heavy polluted industrial enterprises.Through the detail analysis on the driving force factors of the sustainable development of heavy polluted industrial enterprises,the SDA of the enterprises was expanded to five dimensions,i.e.environmental,energy,technical,economic and social dimensions,and a Comprehensive evaluation-Effect system-Driving force-Corresponding indicator model framework was constructed.With respect to indicator selection,the Hall Three-Dimensional Morphology(HTDM)was introduced after the preliminary screening on the basis of the expert investigation method to conduct more scientific selection of the indicators from logic dimension,time dimension and knowledge dimension.37 indicators were selected and made up the SDAIS for heavy polluted industrial enterprises,including 16 environmental indicators(LCA indicators,resource utilization rate,waste recycling and utilization rate,etc.),3 energy indicators(energy consumption/type,clean energy proportion,etc.),6 technical indicators(technology and equipment level,research personnel ratio,etc.),7 economic indicators(green cost,net income,etc.)and 5 social indicators(number of accidents,number of residents complaints,etc.).The SDAIS built in this thesis takes various factors affecting heavy polluted industrial enterprises into comprehensive consideration and using the HTDM method for further indicator selection avoids the influence of subjective factors of the expert investigation method to some extent,thus making the indicator system more scientific and complete.(3)Developing a comprehensive evaluation method for SDA of heavy polluted industrial enterprises.In terms of indicator standardization,the extremum processing method was used to realize the comparison and analysis of the indicators.As to indicator weight calculation,a combination of subjective weighting method and objective weighting method was developed,first applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)in subjective weighting methods to identify the original weight of each indicator,then using the Entropy Value Method(EVM)in objective weighting methods to modify the original weight,thus obtaining the final weight of each indicator.The case study results show that the weights order obtained by the two methods are nearly consistent and it is more hierachical after modified by the EVM compared with the single use of AHP.The combination method greatly reduces the the effect of subjective factors of using the AHP method separately,moreover,it realizes the flexible adjustment of indicator weight according to different cases,making the final weight of the indicators more scientific and reasonable.For indicator integration,the weighted summation method was applied to determine the comprehensive evaluation score of the SDAIS.The final score ranges from 0?1,which indicates higher sustainable development level with the higher score and vise versa.(4)Using the magnesia refractory production enterprises as case studies to conduct the practical application of the SDAIS and the comprehensive evaluation method.Three representative types of products processing enterprises in the industry were selected for SDA,including two caustic calcined magnesia powder enterprises,two high purity magnesia enterprises and a fused magnesia enterprise.The horizontal comparison between different enterprises and longitudinal comparison of the same enterprise in different time periods were studied respectively.The case studies indicate that the SDA results of different enterprises are consistent with the actual situation;the data of the indicators are easy to be obtained and assessed,assuring strong operability of the SDAIS;and,when it comes to the comprehensive evaluation,the determined indicator weights are scientific and reasonable by using AHP and EVM,the indicator integration can realize the comparison and reason analysis of comprehensive score as well as different dimensions of the sustainable development level for heavy polluted industrial enterprises.Thus,it validates the feasibility of the SDAIS and the comprehensive evaluation method built in this thesis,which enables the horizontal comparison between enterprises or trend analysis of the same enterprise and has good universality and practicability.(5)Putting forward the sustainable development solutions for magnesia refractory industry based on Cleaner Production(CP).Aimed at the SDA results of the case magnesia refractory enterprises,the sustainable development solutions and improvement suggestions for magnesia refractory industry were proposed from the perspective of CP.28 feasible CP options,including 17 low-and no-cost options and 11 medium-and high-cost options,were developed and selected from raw material and energy substitution,technology improvement,facility maintenance and updates,process optimization and control,products improvement,waste reutilization,management,staff training and motivation,and the benefit analysis and feasibility analysis were conducted for the medium-and high-cost options.Through the implementation of these CP options,considerable environmental and economic benefits can be achieved:annual savings of 300 tons of coal and 384,000 kWh of electricity;increased utilizatior:n of magnesite tailing powder by 281,000 tons per year;annual savings of 25,000 tons of magnesite ore;improvement of the waste water utilization rate from 70%to 100%;annual reduction of dust emissions by 140 tons;and,cost savings of 9.695 million RMB per year;etc.The case study can provide scientific guidelines and technical support for promoting CP and sustainable development of the industry.