Preparation And Detonation Mechanism Of Explosive Containing Hydrogen Storage Material

Hydrogen storage materials are a candidate for the fuel in the explosives,because of their excellent exothermic combustion,high hydrogen contents and clean produt?H₂O?formed form combustion of the released H₂.In this study,the hydrogen storage materials were used as combustible agent to improve the properties of high explosives comprisd by hexogen?RDX?,ammonium perchlorate?AP?and binder.The heat of detonation,detonation pressures,detonation velovcities,sensitivities,detonation performances and mechanism of detonation for high explosives containing hydrogen strogae material were studied.The main work and results obtained of this paper are as follows:?1?We attempted to theoretically calculate the detonation properties of explosives containing hydrogen strogae materials using BKW codes.Considering the detonation properties,a high explosives compried by RDX,AP and amine-borane complexes as combustible agents is designed.The results indicated that when the combustible agent contents were 20%³0%,the optimal detonation performances were achieved.The BKW codes serve as a theoretical guidance for formula design.?2?The amine-borane complexes including ammonia borane,hydrazine borane and hydrazine bisborane were prepared using displacement reactions.The structure and thermal properties of ammonia borane,hydrazine borane and hydrazine bisborane were characterized using FT-IR?XRD?NMR and TG-DSC methods.The kinetic decomposition properties of ammonia borane,hydrazine borane and hydrazine bisborane were investigated using TG-DTG,and the activation energies?E?and the pre-exponential factors?A?of ammonia borane,hydrazine borane and hydrazine bisborane were calculatd calculated.The results indicated that the activation energies were ordered:hydrazine bisborane>ammonia borane>hydrazine borane,and the stabilities were:drazine bisborane>ammonia borane>hydrazine borane.The impact sensitivities,friction sensitivits and electrostatic sensitivities of ammonia borane,hydrazine borane and hydrazine bisborane were determined.The results shown that ammonia borane is more safety than that of others.Thus,the ammonia borane was selected as combustible agent to improve the properties of high explosives.?3?The thermal decomposition properties of ammonium perchlorate in the presence of ammonia borane were investigated using TG-DSC methods and the mechanism of ammonia borane effects on the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate was studied.The results indicated that ammonia borane can decrease the peak-temperature of low temperature and high-temperature decomposition of ammonium perchlorate,which indicates that ammonia borane has a remarkable catalytic effect on thermal decomposition of AP.And the peak-temperature of low temperature for ammonium perchlorate is similar as the content of ammonia borane increased,while the peak-temperature of high temperature for ammonium perchlorate is decreased.Thermal decomposition model of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate/ammonia borane were established based on the thermal decomposition performances of ammonia borane and ammonium perchlorate.?4?The high explosives comprised by hexogen,ammonium perchlorate,ammobia borane and binder were prepared using Modelling Powder Pressed method.And the density,heat of combustion,heat of detonation,detonation velocity,detonation temperature,sensitivities and detonation performances of high explosives containing ammonia borane were measured.The results shown that the high explosive containing ammonia borane have a high density,high heat of combustion and detonation,high velocity,good detonation performance and low sensitivities.?5?The droamite work capabilities of high explosive containing ammonia borane and traditional explosive were computed using the hydromechanics theory.The difference of ejection fragment process of high explosive containing ammonia borane and traditional explosive was clarified based on mechanism.The theoretical velocity of fragment drove by high explosive containing ammonia borane was 2224 m/s²667 m/s,and the testing value of that 2262 m/s.The results indicated that the parameters of mode were suit for high explosive containing ammonia borane.?6?The ground static explosion experiments of high explosive containing ammonia borane and JO-8 explosive were carried out.The result indicated that the power of high explosive containing ammonia borane was higher than that of JO-8 explosive.And this advantage of high explsive containing ammonia borane over JO-8 improved as the testing distance increased.The values of shockwave pressure for high explosive containing ammonia borane were lower than those of JO-8 because of the different ways of energy release.?7?The blasting funnel test was used to compare the detonation performance of high explosive containing ammonia borane and trinitrotoluene.The result indicated that the crater volume of high explosive containing ammonia borane is about 2.62 times the size of that of trinitrotoluene under the same mass condition.And the soil subjected to high explosive containing ammonia borane was powder,while that to trinitrotoluene was bulk.Thus,the detonation performance of high explosive containing ammonia borane higher than that of trinitrotoluene?8?The shockwave overpressure test was used to compare the detonation performance of high explosive containing ammonia borane and trinitrotoluene under the same mass condition.The result indicated that when the distance from explosion center was 1 m,the shockwave overpressure of high explosive containing ammonia borane and trinitrotoluene were 1.927 MPa and 0.505 MPa,respectively;and the positive pressure time of high explosive containing ammonia borane and trinitrotoluene were were 1.00 ms and 0.48 ms,respectively.when the distance from explosion center was 2 m,the shockwave overpressure of high explosive containing ammonia borane and trinitrotoluene were 0.648MPa and 0.097 MPa,respectively;and the positive pressure time of high explosive containing ammonia borane and trinitrotoluene were were 1.50 ms and 0.38 ms,respectively.Thus,the detonation performance of high explosive containing ammonia borane higher than that of trinitrotoluene...