Research On Key Technology Of Large Optical System Alignment

The main contents of this dissertation are vector aberration theory and the application of this theory in the alignment process of large aperture telescope system.The vector aberration theory is based on the traditional wave aberration theory of coaxial rotationally symmetric optical system,introducing the zero point of aberration field to the theory.The optical elements eccentricity and tilt influence on the aberration of optical system can be analyzed effectively.The misalignment values can be calculated by testing the wave-front aberration of non coaxial optical system.This dissertation aims at avoiding the blindness and inefficiency in alignment of large telescope.The main research contents of this paper can besummarized as follows:1.The traditional wave aberration theory of coaxial optical system was summarized.Overview of the system aberration wave-front aberration and the relationship between standard Zernike polynomial,fringe Zernike polynomials and Seidel coefficients.The aberration and aberration coefficients of expression were given.The properties of five kinds of monochromatic aberrations was described combined with the wave aberration theory and the geometrical aberration theory.2.The first-order properties of non coaxial optical systems were analyzed.The relation formula between eccentricity and tilt of each optical component and aberration field center was derived.Furthermore,the third-order properties of non coaxial optical systems were analyzed based on the first-order properties,focusing on analysis of the distribution in the whole field of view of coma and astigmatism.3.Using vector aberration theory,the properties of third-order coma and the third-order astigmatism of astronomical telescope in disorder state in the whole field of view were derived.Simulation analysis was adopted to a telescope by using the software,and misalignment values of the optical system were calculated according to vector aberration theory using the zero position of aberration.4.A method based on interference wave-front aberration testing technique and vector aberration theory was given to solve the misalignment values exactly.This method was used in the alignment of a 2m class telescope project.