Research On The Key Quantitative Technology Of Atmospheric/Solar Remote Sensing Instrument

The quantitative technique of space atmosphere/solar remote sensor is one of the main technology of atmospheric remote sensing.It runs through from the remote sensor development to remote orbit work and then to remote sensing product.It is the core means to realize the transformation from atmospheric physical phenomena to qualitive signal and to physical data.With the development of atmospheric remote sensing,people have put forward higher and newer requirements for quantification technology of space remote sensor in terms of quantification accuracy,data source comprehensiveness,quantitative product diversity and remote sensing information’s long-term stability.The polarization measurement and correction technology,atmospheric multi-mode remote sensing technology,on-orbit radiance calibration are the key techniques for quantification of space remote sensor.The polarization measurement and correction is an important means to improve the quantitative precision of remote sensor.The multi-mode atmospheric sounding technology is the base to get comprehensive and diversified remote sensing information,and it has important influence on the orbital polarization correction.Orbital radiance calibration technology is the key to improve the long-term stability and accuracy of quantitative remote sensing.In thes article,the ultraviolet hyperspectral ozone profiler and solar irradiance spectrometer are taking as examples,and the key technologies of spatial remote sensing are researched in depth.In the first part of this paper,the ground polarization measurement technology of space remote sensor is researched in depth.The polarization measurement is the foundation to improve the quantitative precision of sensors.In this part,the theory of how space remote sensor response to the polarization of atmospheric scattering light was studied in detail,and four kinds of ground polarization measurement method were derived,including the simple measurement method,overdetermined matrix method,the improved simple measurement method,and the improved super set matrix method.Taking the UV hyperspectral ozone profiler as the object,a set of ground polarization measurement system was constructed.The four measurement methods were used to complete the ground polarization measurement experiment by experimental measurement,through comparison and evaluation,the improved overdetermined matrix method has higher measurement accuracy,the relative error is only 3.3%.In the second part of this paper,the method of on-orbit polarization correction of space remote sensor in multi detection mode is researched.The UV hyperspectral ozone profiler has three channels: the deep UV channel(250nm~310nm),UV channel(300nm~410nm)and the short-wave visible channel(400nm~500nm).In this paper,the corresponding on-orbit polarization correction schemes were proposed for the three channels.In view of the orbit polarization correction of the ultraviolet channel and the short wave visible channel,a scheme of constructing the solution of the polarizing equation group by using the polarization measurement channel is proposed.In this scheme,the polarization measurement and correction of the overlapped working band are made at first,and then the polarization measurement and correction of the remaining bands are carried out respectively.In polarization correction of the deep UV channel,the single Rayleigh scattering theory was used,and then the polarization correction models and schemes on nadir mode and limb mode were created.Through the pre simulation of the scheme,the feasibility of the scheme is verified.In the third part,in order to pursue the diversity of quantitative products,in order to catch up with the new trend of polarization remote sensing production,we carried out innovative and prospective exploration,and designed a new multi-band atmospheric polarization measurement optical system.In this part,we took the Wollaston prism as polarization spectrometer,and created a model which can divide the incident light into four directions of polarized light at multi bands.And then,we designed a high quality,compact optical system based on the model.In the fourth part of this paper,we researched the on-orbit radiance calibration of the space remote sensor,and improved the traditional method of radiance calibration based on sun and based on moon.The solar irradiance spectrometer is used to measure the sun and the moon for a long time,reducing the orbit calibration error caused by the uncertainty of the spectral irradiance of the sun and the moon.In this part,the traditional solar calibration scheme and the moon calibration scheme and their error sources are analyzed.Then the observation field of the solar irradiance spectrometer is designed by the method of simulation,the range of elevation angle is-34 deg to 0deg,and the range of azimuth angle is-22 deg to 22 deg.Then the sun irradiance spectrometer was simulated for 8 years,and we found that after 4 years of on-orbit work,the continuous observations is interrupted because of the orbit drift.To solve this problem,we supposed to modify the semi-axis and the inclination angle of the orbit to crrect the drift.Through simulation and calculation,the semi-axis should be modified +6.0262 km,and the inclination angle should be modified-0.026 deg.Through the simulation and calculation of the modified scheme,we found that after correction the drift of the local time of decending node in every year is less than 10 seconds.