The Study On The Insect Behavior Regulation Of Araecerus Fasciculatus Mediated Through Yeasts Fermented Volatiles And Aggregation Pheromone

Araecerus fasciculatus,coffee bean weevils,have been considered as a cosmopolitan stored-product pest,and caused great damage on various kinds storage products like coffee beans,corns,cassava and Chinese herbal medicines.Nowadays,the chemical fumigation was still the main means for the control of coffee bean weevils,while the pesticide limited requirements of some special storage products improves,the development of green prevention and control technology is becoming more and more urgent.Our research on the behavior control through yeast volatiles and aggregation pheromone would provide the basis and theoretical supports to the foundation of the technology of monitoring the weevils and mass trapping,and the results would provide some reference for the building of green prevetion and control system.The research results were as followed:1.According to the observation of the cage experiments of coffee beans weevils to simple isolation of the microbes,the mixture of yeast has better attractive activity to the pest than moulds and bacteria.Meanwhile,we researched 28 kinds of yeasts from 15 categories related to Daqu,and the results indicates that Kluyveromyces lactis,Hansenula anomala var.anomala and Saccharomycopsis flibuligera has the most high activity to the weevils on the 4th day.2.The volatiles of medium in different fermentation time(0d,2d,4d,6d,8d)were identified by GC-MS analysis and we got 32 kinds of volatiles,including 15 esters,11 alcohols and 3 aldehydes,2 ketone and 1 furan.3.We studied the pest attractive activity to yeast fermented medium and volatiles in Y-tube olfactometers,and 10 kinds of volatiles have significantly attractive activity to the pests.Among the volatiles,2-phenylethyl alcohol,phenylethyl propionate,2-phenylethyl isobutyrate,2-phenylethyl butyrate showed great activity on both male and female adults in attracting.4.In storage trials,the captures of single component were significantly heigher than other volatiles when phenylethyl acetate,2-phenylethyl alcohol,phenylethyl propionate,2-phenylethyl isobutyrate,2-phenylethyl butyrate were applied.In the trials of mixtures of two volatiles,the highest captures were got by a mixture of 2-phenylethyl alcohol and phenylethyl acetate at ratio of 1:3.5.We compared the compounds of male and female adults extract by analysis on GC-MS,and we identified an component of coffee bean weevils intraspecific aggregation pheromone was Squalene((all-e)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl--2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene).According to results of test in Y-tube olfactometers,most coffee bean weevils were attracted to squalene on the concentration of 1 ?g.In storage trials,squalene captures more weevils than the male extract at the dose of 200-1000 ?g,and captures reach to peak at 500 ?g.500?g of Squalene on the rubber septa in our research could significantly captures more than control after 6 weeks.