The Multi-dimensional Study On Psych-verbs In HONG LOU MENG(???)

With theories of modern linguistics as framework,The Multi-dimensional udy on Psych-verbs in HONG LOU MENG(???)works to describe and analyze the features of psycho-verbs during the times when the novel was written,including lexical features,transitivity features,quantification features and the features of psycho-verbs' action process.And some key semantic differences are found based on the comparison study of between psycho-verbs in HONG LOU MENG(i???)and those in modern Chinese,followed by the explanations to the linguistic phenomena.The methods adopted by the thesis are the following:the application of theories to practices,the combination of descriptive analysis with prescriptive analysis,qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis,and the use of synchronic study along with diachronic study.The thesis consists of seven chapters altogether:Chapter one is the introduction,which introduces the purpose and significance of the thesis first,then reviews the previous linguistic studies of HONG LOU MENG(???)and the psycho-verbs of ancient Chinese.The next part re-defines and categorizes psycho-verbs in this thesis and the last part presents the methodology of the thesis,including data collection and data analysis procedures.Chapter two and chapter three are the lexical analysis of psycho-verbs,which analyze the features of 280 words found in HONG LOU MENG(???)from the aspect of broad semantic field and then make comparison with the counterparts in modern Chinese with the aim to find the lexicon changes.Chapter two focus on 75 psycho-verbs of action,including 8 types:'think'-verbs,'guess'-verbs,'know'-verbs,'remember'-verbs,'feel'-verbs,'judge'-verbs and 'speculate'-verbs.Chapter three studies 205 psycho-verbs of state,including 14 types:'happy'-verbs,'sad'-verbs,'worry'-verbs' 'fury'-verbs,'panic'-verbs,'regret'-verbs,'love'-verbs,'hate'-verbs,'miss'-verbs,'care'-verbs,'frighten'-verbs,'admire'-verbs,'hope'-verbs and'will'-verbs.Compared with modern Chinese psycho-verbs,the lexical features are summarized as follows:more mono-syllable psycho-verbs are used in HONG LOU MENG(???);Two lexical phenomena are commonly found among bi-syllable psycho-verbs,and they are 'the same morphemes in reversed order' and 'the same meaning,same sound but different morphemes.In addition,the analyzability of some bi-syllable psycho-verbs is high,which permits one bi-syllable verbs to be separately used as two mono-syllable verbs.Different changes of some bi-syllable verbs are found in modern Chinese such as the disappearance of some verbs,the semantic change of some verbs and the variations of lexical items of some verbs.Chapter four discusses the transitivity of psycho-verbs in HONG LOU MENG(???)under the background of comparison with modern Chinese counterparts.First it briefly introduces the development of transitivity theory,and then analyzes the transitivity level of both psycho-verbs of action and psycho-verbs of state.The results show the rank of their transitivity level as follows:the category of thinking>the category of feeling>the category of cognition>the category of emotion>the category of judgment>the category of will.The category of mood belongs to unergative verbs,which have no capability of having objects.Chapter five is the quantification study of psycho-verbs in HONG LOU MENG(???)from the perspective of nominal quantification,intensifying quantification and verbal quantification.As compared with modern Chinese counterparts,the quantification features of psycho-verbs in HONG LOU MENG(???)are shown in the following:temporary measure-words are usually used to express the nominal quantification;the ' degree-measure word +psycho-verb' and'psycho-verbs + degree-measure' structure are used to express the intensifying quantification;and the word of frequency and time are often used to indicate verbal quantification,which can only show vague quantification.For example,'ci(?)','hui1(? 1)','hui2(? 2)','tian(?)','ri(?)' or 'nian(?)' etc.Chapter six analyzes the action process of psycho-verbs in HONG LOU MENG(???),in which four types of action process are found:infinite structure(Va),front definite structure(Vb),front-rear definite structure(Vc)and point definite structure(Ve).Generally,front definite structure(Vb)is the commonly found type,so it is concluded that activity and variation are weak and most of the psycho-verbs tended to indicate the psychological state in the time of Ming and Qing dynasty.Chapter seven is the conclusion of the thesis.First it reviews the main work of previous chapters,and then some limitations are pointed out,and the suggestions for future research are given as well at the end of the chapter.