A Study Of Pre-Qin Confucianism Historical Idea

Throughout the formation process of the historical idea in the pre-Qin Period,it has experienced the change from God's historicalidea in the Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasties to rational historicalidea of philosophers in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.The turning point lies in the awakening of the historical rationality of the philosophers.The awakening of historical rationality is caused by the collapse of the ritual system of the Spring and Autumn society and the Warring States society.The philosophers to seek governance methods for the real society,learn from historical experience,which led to the formation of the mature formof the historicalidea.In the process of studying the historical evolution of Yao,Shun,Yu,Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasties,the pre-Qin Confucianism formed the distinctive historicalidea.This paper discusses the historicalidea from the perspective of historical philosophy,and holds the pre-Qin Confucianism from the perspective of the historicalidea.Historical philosophy is a overall philosophical study of the objective historical process.The overall philosophical study of the objective historical process,including the historical origin,the historical subject,the historical nature,the historical trend,the historical law,the historical power and many other aspects.These aspects are the main contents of the historicalidea,and thus constitute the basic structure of this paper.On the basis of deeply grasping the logical starting point and the subject of pre-Qin Confucianism,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the relationship between pre-Qin Confucianism and the historical idea.This paper always insists on discussing the pre-Qin Confucian historical idea in the relationship between history,reality and the future,and abandon the view that historical idea is only a single perspective for the past.This paper summarizes the characteristics of pre-Qin Confucian historical idea,and highlights its value.These constitute the innovation of this paper.This paper insists on the combination of social history and thought history,and adopts the research method of the problem,the comparative research method and so on,so as to make a comprehensive and detailed study on the pre-Qin Confucian historical idea.This paper is divided into seven parts,the main contents are summarized as follows:The introduction mainly reviews a research about the historicalideaof the pre-Qin Confucianism since the twentieth century.Through the analysis of the status quo of research,pointed out the achievements and shortcomings,to highlight the necessity and significance of this topic.At the same time,it defines the concept of the historicalidea and explains the research methods used.The first chapter:the historical and cultural background of the pre-Qin Confucianism historicalidea.The pre-Qin Confucianism was based on the patriarchal society and had a solid foundation of agricultural civilization.China's deep sense of pay attention to history and a longcultural tradition of historical officer is an important prerequisite for Confucianism to attach importance to history.The change from theory of Wangguan in Western Zhou Dynasty to the theory of the philosophers has become a realistic academic and cultural background.Through the analysis of many factors,we try to have a comprehensive understanding of the historical and cultural background of the pre-Qin Confucianism historicalidea.The second chapter:the causes of the rise of Confucianism in the pre-Qin Period,the subject of thought and its relationship with the historicalidea.To explore the causes of the rise of the pre-Qin Confucianism and even the pre-Qin philosophers,since the Han Dynasty has not stopped.Although there are divergent views,but the urgent need to save the current situation has led to the awakening of historical reason,which leads to the overall prosperity of the creation of the philosophers should be the main reason.Thus also determines the theme of the pre-Qin philosophers can only be political.That is,the main purpose of the proposition of pre-Qin philosophersis to provide the governance methods of the real society of the Spring and Autumn society and Warring States society.They reflect and summarize the history,but also to learn from political governance experience.Pre-Qin Confucianism inherited the moral value established since the Western Zhou Dynasty,as the highest value ideal.They regard the historical nature as the evolution of morality,thus establishingthe moral historical idea.Pre-QinConfucianism is an ideological creation against the contradiction of realistic society,representing the present;The historical idea is a reflection and summary of history,representing the ancient.The relationship between the pre-Qin Confucianism and the historical idea is transformed into the relationship between the present and the ancient.Pre-Qin Confucianism historical reflection and summary,is to play the historical reference value,that is,the ancient as today's reference.However,the urgent desire to transform a real society is far better than the exploration of historical truth.Thus the ancient as today's reference,at the same time,the pre-Qin Confucianism is also quietly changing the real history,thereby appearedchange the ancient phenomenon through present.The third chapter:heaven-man relationship and the historical origin and historical subject of pre-Qin Confucianism.The more the early days of human society,heaven,God and other transcendental ideas can affect people's the historical originand historical subject thought.Through the study of the change in the relationship between heaven and man in the pre-Qin Dynasty,especially Confucius,Mencius and Xunzi's thoughts on the change of heaven and destiny,it can be seen that pre-Qin Confucianism is not keen to trace the historical origin.They think that the historical origin was originally an objective existence.The saints play an important role in promoting the historical process of the coming of civilization.For the historical subject,the pre-Qin Confucianism think history is the trace of the emperor and the same outstanding character activities.People,not God,are the creators of history.The fourth chapter:Pre-Qin Confucianism's understanding of the historical nature.Confucius inherited Zhou Li,and creatively put forward the moral category of"benevolence",and created a precedent of moral historical idea.Confucius's retrospection of the moral golden age of Yao,Shun and Yu,and the formulation of"benevolence",are based on his understanding of the historical essence.Confucius thinks morality is the historical essence.The Spring and Autumn Annals as Confucius modified history book,reflects the historical ideal of Confucius.Mencius put forward the theory of humanity goodness,laid the foundation of moral historical idea.Mencius extended Confucius' concept of benevolence to the field of political practice,advocated the implementation of benevolent governing and kingly way political ideal.He used morality as the main power of historical evolution.Xunzi recognized that people have a natural desire,the desire of excessive expansion show that human nature is evil.This is the natural attribute of people.Because of the evil human nature,so it is necessary to be modified to human nature,so that from evil to good.At the same time,people only rely on group strength to survive.Group society needs to be maintained by the distinction of the ceremony.The greatest function of ceremony lies in the transformation of the evil human nature.In the process of transforming human nature,to give people social attribute.The establishment of moral ideal society depends on the harmonization betweenpeople's natural attribut and social attribute.The fifth chapter:pre-Qin Confucianism thought about ancient and present changes.Pre-Qin Confucianism adhere to ancient and the present is a whole,but the ancient and the present is different.The difference is due to ancient and present change caused.Pre-Qin Confucianism has profound insight into ancient and present change.This chapter to discussthe pre-Qin Confucianism on the ancient and present change,and the trend of change,the law of change,the power of change.The sixth chapter:A comparative study of the historicalidea of Confucianism school,Mohist school,Taoist school,Legalist school and Yin-yang&Five-element school.The thought doctrine of Confucianism school,Mohist school,Taoist school,Legalist school and Yin-yang&Five-elementschool,although the contents is different,but are the product of historical rational awakening,and thus have made a reflection and summary of history,formed their own different historical idea.This chapter compares the historicalidea of Confucianism school,Mohist school,Taoist school,Legalist school and Yin-yang&Five-elementschool from the five aspects of historical origin,historical subject,historical essence,historical law and historical power,and summarizes the common features of the five historical idea and the characteristics of the Confucianism historical idea,in order to deepen the understanding of Confucianism historical idea.