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The Reseach Of The Political Participation Of Farmers In Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region (1937-1945)

Posted on:2015-05-18Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:A N YangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1316330428474980Subject:Chinese Communist Party
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It studies the farmers'political participation in Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region during the total Anti Japanese War Period. Before investigating the situation of the farmers'political participation in Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region during the total Anti Japanese War Period, we should make an history inspection of political participation before the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region Government was established. We should first make an inspection of the living environment for the farmers in this area.As a result, the farmer's negative attitude to politics, often reflect the farmers'living reality, but not because of compliance or indifference.With rule of man the characteristics of traditional feudal society, the majority of the population of farmers being excluded from the political process, they can only to express their opinions or request to sporadic, bent, illegal form, which were difficult to be comparable to the modern sense of political participation. The Revolution of1911overthrew the last feudal dynasty, which made Chinese social political environment and political structure had undergone fundamental changes, especially the spread of democracy republican idea, the concept of freedom and equality, the concept of the rule of law and the independence, self-esteem, confidence, personality consciousness and made the political participation of farmers in Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia region into a new historical stage. However, the Northern Warlords had stolen the revolutionary regime, after The Revolution of1911broke out, the farmers'political participation were still limited. During the peasant movement in the great revolution under the leadership of CCP, Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Farmers for the purpose of overthrowing the feudal warlords, organized peasant association, mastered the rural regime and participated in national politics. Revolutionary is the fundamental different character between the peasant movement under the leadership of CCP and the peasant uprising in the past, which is also the main characteristic of the political participation of farmers in the great revolution. After the failure of the great revolution, CCP began to lead the revolutionary struggle independently and started the new period of creating Soviet base, established the boundary and north of the Soviet regime, not only give the masses of working people to hitherto unknown political rights, but also provides various ways for farmers to participate in politics, farmers'participating enthusiasm is rising. However, this time the CPC is in illegal status, the farmers' political participation is still relatively limited in Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia area. With the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region Government and the various anti Japanese democratic political power have been established, the regional party has become the legal independent governance.It avoids the direct invasion of Japanese foreign, internal reduce conflict and class struggle, the country began showing a relatively peaceful political situation. However, due to the border counties exist the communist regime and the KMT regime, at the same time in the rural part of regime is still dominated by the landlord, as the rear of the Anti Japanese war, the border region although from direct invasion of the Japanese army, but continue to suffer from the traitors bandits from the support of the intrusion, these are the influence factors of the democratic regime consolidation and rural social instability. By the above factors, as the main force of the anti Japanese democratic regime to occupy the vast majority of the population of the peasant masses are shown for the communist regime of suspicion and a wait-and-see attitude, which is the border region government in its early days, the rural society has complicated political ecology. The communist party of China attempted to participate in the political life by mobilizing farmers, to mobilize the people's anti Japanese passion and enthusiasm, and make the most of people to produce the maximum trust and recognition of the communist party of Chinese, which affects and promotes the national democratic movement. It is for this purpose, Chinese communist party puts forward some mobilization of the Shensi Kansu Ningsia border region policy and strategy of the political participation of farmers. In the political mobilization of the communist Party of Chinese, the border area farmer by participating in the election campaign, the communist party and the various people in Chinese groups and organizations of the masses, to participate in the political economic and cultural activities, directly or indirectly involved in the political, economic, cultural movement and the struggle to Anti Japanese. The main content in this period the political participation of farmers is very extensive and complex, both the regime construction as the center of participation, but also to safeguard their own interests as the center to participate in; It has the current political understanding and discussion and the practice of state for political affairs management. It also has the political rights of citizens concerned, but the supervision of cadres, diversified features of farmers'participation in content. In order to border area farmer politics participation situation more intuitive, clear, this paper further analysis of two election movement on the comprehensive war in Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia area, it has made the detailed elaboration on the political participation, the border area farmer in the election, the election meeting preparation, the Senate, and lists the typical case as a supplementary argument, vivid reproduction of the farmers to participate in the election of the situation. As the farmers in the village selected, the district, county election and the level also made certain elaboration, this is relatively rare in the current research results. Compared with the first election campaign, in order to implement the "second election campaign of three three" for the content of the more emphasis on all aspects of the implementation of the election, the democratic practice more close to the farmers'practice, pay more attention to the farmers'democratic exercise and political education, so the democratic participation awareness and participation ability have been greatly to improve. This indicates that the farmers'political participation consciousness and ability improvement are a gradual process, also shows that,"as long as the government really give the people democracy with democracy, education in-depth, people will use democracy".So, how to evaluate the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region of peasants' political participation? On the one hand, assessment of the farmers'political participation, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region, both in the number of participants or in the scope of participation are greater for expansion. On the other hand, assessment of the political participation of farmers of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region, the political participation of farmers not only effectively mobilize the masses to participate in the Anti Japanese War and to defend the border area, protection of the Anti Japanese democratic regime exists, consolidation and development.It has a profound impact on changes in the balance of power.But also improve the farmers' democratic consciousness and ability to participate in politics, to promote the peasants revolution.Here must pay attention to the political participation of farmers in different classes have different effect. At the same time, because of the backward economic and cultural level and the democratic system are not perfect, limiting the farmers' political border region during the Anti Japanese war in full effect to a certain extent. The farmers' political participation in the Anti Japanese War period of Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region is performed in the background and the specific historical background. According to the different characteristics of the political participation, mainly manifests for the:First, the political participation of farmers in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region is a comprehensive, multi-level political participation;Second, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border area farmer participation has certain strategic;Third, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border area farmer politics participation to legitimate participation as the main form;Fourth, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region in the mobilization of farmers around two kinds of political participation.The Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia border region in the integration of the different class interests of farmers, mobilizing to awaken the awareness of political participation of farmers, deliberating democracy to expand the farmers on the state and social affairs participation with remarkable results. There is an important reference that for expanding the orderly political participation of farmers and the construction of Harmonious Socialist Countryside.
Keywords/Search Tags:Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region, farmers, politicalparticipation
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