Study On Feminine Leadership Characteristics,Team Climate And Employee Performance

In recent years,more female entrepreneurs and leaders can be seen in business world with the development of society and economy.In U.S.where with a highly developed capital market,the ratio of female board members keeps at more than 10%in the past ten years.In 2009,the ratio peaked at 15.2%.Currently,around 20 females are in charge of large-scale firms in U.S.An increasing number of females are becoming members of top management teams,and some of them work as president or chairman of the board,which to some extent influences and changes enterprise team climate and organization growth.Although more females work as team leaders in large firms,female CEOs are still a small group.According to the report of Catalyst(2013,2014),only 14.6%and 4.8%of CEOs are females in Fortune 500 and S&P 500.The representativeness of female is still weak in most firms.The organizational structure of firms and enterprises is becoming flatter along with the development of internet era.More and more firms start to employ the web-like management mode,and the characteristics of enterprise socialization and decentralization becomes clearer.In the current trend,it is a realistic topic that how leaders can improve employee's job satisfaction as well as their innovation motivation and capability to achieve a healthy organic growth of the organization.As mentioned in Musings on management:Ten ideas designed to rile everyone who cares about management(H.Mintzberg,1995),"Organizations need continuous care,not interventionist cures.Organizations need to be nurtured-looked after and cared for,steadily and consistently.In a sense,caring is a more feminine approach to managing,although I have seen it practiced by some excellent male chief executive officers."The dissertation aims to discover the importance of soft management and more democratic leadership styles in the internet era regardless of leaders' gender through investigation and solid evidence.Male and female leaders are both supposed to employ non-authority influence,establish favorable organizational atmosphere and pay attention to employees' individual development in order to impetus employees'organizational commitment and innovation enthusiasm as well as the sustainable development of organizations.This dissertation focuses on the impact of female-leadership characteristics on enterprise management efficiency.Three studies support this article:study 1 investigates how female-leadership characteristics influence team climate and shows that significant characteristics of female leadership such as charisma,inspirational motivation,intellectual stimulation,individualized consideration and ethical management have positive effect on team climate.Study 2 investigates how team climate influences on employee's job performance and indicates that team atmosphere has positive effect on Organization Citizenship Behaviors,job satisfaction and innovative performance.Study 3 investigates the influence of female leadership characteristics on employees' job performance by team climate as mediator and shows that female leadership characteristics have positive effects on job performance;team climate is the mediator between female-leadership characteristics and job performance,which means female-leadership characteristics promote job performance via team climate.This research contributes in three aspects.Firstly,comprehensive investigation scope covers different ownerships and organization forms or types as well as the effectiveness of female-leadership characteristics under different cultures.The research uncovers that female-leadership characteristics are valuable in the operations management of state-owned enterprises,foreign-owned enterprises,sino-foreign joint ventures and local private enterprises.Secondly,previous researches mainly investigated female leadership behaviors and their organization-level influence,such as organization culture,organization risk management,organization financial performance and organization technology innovation.This research extends the scope,and investigates the influence of female-leadership characteristics on job satisfaction,OCB and innovation performance in depth from the perspectives of individual employees.The research discovers that the significant characteristics of female leadership,such as charisma,inspirational motivation,intellectual stimulation,individualized consideration and ethical management have positive effects on job satisfaction,OCB and innovative performance.Thirdly,in the previous researches,characteristics of female leadership were regarded as exclusive characteristic of female leaders based on stereotype.This research shows that more and more female-leadership characteristics can be seen in male leaders in practices.They improve organization management effectiveness in order to adapt the demands of web-like organizational structure and socialization of organization management.